Sinises film version Of Mice and Men Essay Example for Free

Sinises study version Of Mice and hands EssayAnalyse both the beginning and ending of Steinbecks smart with the opening and closing sequences of Sinises film version Of Mice and MenThey ar many of difficulties that a director faces when adapting a classic novel to the big screen. One of the biggest difficulties Sinise would have faced in adapting Of Mice and Men in to a film would have been living up to the standard and expectation of the book. Imagination is a dish different to reality but sight is extremely tough to capture on the Big Screen because t here is possibility that what someone imagines is completely different to the film and therefore be queer in the film. There is too a lot of description in the book that paints a picture for the endorser and he will have to filter and involve some of this in the film.They story of Of Mice and Men is set during the depression that followed the Wall Street Crash of 1929. It involves the effects of poverty and the difficu lty of getting a job. It follows two men, George and Lennie and their struggle to find employment. The novel show a great bond between them and how the two try and overcome Lennies disability.In the beginning of the novel Steinbeck bring ins a calming mood wereas in the film it departs with action. He similarly used a lot of effective description that helps the reader get a clear understanding of the setting he uses On one side of the river the golden foothill slopes curve up to the strong and rocky Gabilan mountains, but on the valley side the water is lined with trees- willows fresh and green with e very spring, carrying in their lower leaf juncture the debris of the winters flooding When describing the two men he gives the reader the impression that one seems to be more powerful than the other even in the open one stayed behind the other. He likewise describes the number one man as having restless eyes this tells you he is al manners looking out for his friend. His friend w as the complete opposite , a huge man, shapeless of face, with large, blanch eyes, with wide sloping shoulders and he walked heavily, dragging his feet a little, the way a bear drags his paws. The way he has described the way he walks shows his strength.The beginning in book and film is most important because the author or film maker needs to attract the attention of the audience, interest them in what is going on and make them exigency to read or watch more. The way Steinbeck and Sinise have done this is both effective and creative but both different. They both induce in different settings. The book describes every thing about the setting and its surroundings and doesnt introduce any characters till about the fourth page. It also starts as if everything is happening there and then and doesnt mention anything about a flash back, whereas in the film it starts as a flash back..In the film George is shown on a train in a fast mid-shot sitting in the corner lonely and isolated in a c rouched position, it shows him in thought. It then goes on a CU of George that shows we are going into his thoughts. It cuts to an MS of a woman running in a red dress (representing danger) which is ripped. It zooms in slowly and ends on a CU of woman and shows her emotions and tells the audience she is afraid and terrified. This is not mentioned at all in the beginning of the book. It soon cuts to a LS of two males running. There are rapid changing of shots showing action in the film. MS on males, cuts to a CU of viscous dogs barking and then LS on horses that gives the impression of hunting and also shows time in setting. The audience is involved when the camera is placed in the water that the males (George and Lennie) run through.The music in the film is slow at the start which creates a mood of sadness to the film and relates to the persons emotions, it tells you that George is upset. The music starts slow then gradually gets faster and tells you something is happening (chasing) it is also serious.Not a lot of chat is used at the beginning. You hear a woman screaming sounding frightened. You also hear a man shouting Come on Lennie This tells us that they need to get away from what is happening and also gives one name of a character.There is a lot of SFX are used effectively during the beginning, dogs barking, a train, the music ends abruptly and you can hear the woman out of breath. You can also hear men running and splashes of water. The book lacks action and starts more calmly than the film. The book doesnt tell you why the men are running away and doesnt mention the woman, train or dogs at all during the beginning.The introduction to the two characters (George and Lennie) is very different. In the book it starts with a great deal of description. The film shows you they are in some kind of danger whereas in the book it introduces them calm and with a lot of description about setting and location.The death of Lennie shows alot more emotion in the novel, compared to that of the video. this is because it is slow, and it moves the reader, and makes the reader become emotionally involved. Steinbeck has used some short sentences to create a more dramatic effect of for example George was silent. This shows Georges emotion. Not long after And he fell silent again. This again shows his emotion and that he serious cant cope. Lennie at this point is confused, he has realised that he has done another bad thing but doesnt understands why George isnt angry at him. Lennie tries hard to understand and came to his own conclusion that George would live a better life without him and was willing to leave and let George carry on with his life. George lets him know that he doesnt want him to leave him, even though deep down he agrees that without Lennie he would live an easier life, not having someone to watch all the time.They then start public lecture about the dream they both had where they would own a place of their own and every thing was perf ect. George shakily said Take off your hat Lennie The way he said it shows that he is not showin confidence. George told Lennie to look away, this gave him time to get ready and he used Carlsons Luger too. Which is the same way the dog died, this tells the reader that a death might occur. He looked at the back of Lennies head, at the place where the spine ant the skull were joined.He is thinking very hard here at which would be the least painful for Lennie, who is still no wiser that soon he will die, by his best friend. He is very child akin and the book shows this by him giggling while thinking of the dream. He also has an obsession on rabbits ( standardised the way a child would) and shows a lot of excitement towards the dream because he would finally get to tend the rabbits. George wanted Lennie to die happy and finally built up the courage to do it at his happiest. At number 1 his hand shook violently this again shows his emotion. Steinbeck now used another short sentence for effect He pulled the trigger. This is used to shock the reader and also show emotion towards Lennie. The novel ends coldly with a cold-hearted remark from Carlson, Now what the hell ya suppose is eatin them two guys?In the film the death of Lennie is a lot quicker and shocking. When talking about the dream George shoots him first time Lennie says and I get to tend the rabbits Lennies child like features are shown again when he is light because once he is shot he lies curled up like a baby with George standing over him. It shows Georges emotion towards Lennie and the close bond the had. In the film it doesnt show the audience his struggle to build up the courage to shoot him. It then cuts back to a CU George on the train again, like in the beginning.This time we again go in to his thoughts as he remembers the good times with Lennie. It then shows George and Lennie side by side, Laughing and smiling. Lennie puts his arm more or less George like a child wanting affection from his mo ther. This caption is in slow motion to show the audience how close they were and it also gets the audience emotionally involved again and makes them feel sorry. The music used in this part of the film is sad and slow, again for emotion.In my conclusion I have ground that there can be a lot of differences between the book and the film. In my tactual sensation I didnt prefer either one because I care both of them but for different reasons. I liked the book because I liked the idea that Steinbeck emotionally involved the reader with the death of Lennie. It was in my opinion more emotional than the film even though it is upsetting because the music sad and the flash back at the end makes you feel sorry for Lennie and also George.

Pornography and Sexual Violence Essay Example for Free

Pornography and Sexual Violence EssayThe class is social psychology. Please use proper headings, double spacing, 12 pt font, one-inch margins, page numbering, and logical flow from topic to topic. Citations may be from the Web, texts, books or scientific journals. Magazine and newspaper citations atomic number 18 generally unacceptable. Please be original with your own views. Being with a strong, creative, original thesis clearly stating what you are trying to show. Pornography is a term utilized to depict the mixed informal practices and desires to arouse the viewer innerly. It should too be clearly distinguished from the term obscenity. Obscenity is frequently utilized legally to suggest fully grown strong. This material may be deemed as illegal if it crosses all the social barriers of decency and is liable for criminal punishment. Sexual images of women can create a positive work or a negative influence on man. Women can be portrayed as objects of sex, pleasure, abuse and violence. This has resulted in degradation of the status of women in the circulating(prenominal) world.Feminists throughout the world are objecting at the problems pornography has created for women. During the early 1980s, pornography became a huge feminist issue. The political situation in the West was excessively changing during that period. People began to feel the need for greater amount of freedom. Several of the moral issues such as abortion, reproductive rights, sexuality, etc, began to be questioned. Abortion began to be authorized giving the women greater amount of control over their body. Today, women should be pure before the marriage and need to be loyal to their preserves during their married life.Marriage is a relationship in which sex is performed only for reproductive purposes and not for pleasure. If a woman indulged in sex outside their marriage, it was considered to be a form of prostitution. Frequently, women are forced into getting them photographed for creating pornographic material. The pornographic industry throughout the world has turned out into a multibillion-dollar industry (about $ %6 billion), providing material in mixed forms including movies, internet, books, videos, etc (Malamuth et al, 2005, Utah State University, 2007 Webb, 2007).Recently, there has been an increase in the number of cuttings of nestling abuse throughout the world. The exact cause for this has not been understood clearly. A correction conducted by Knudsen does not show a direct relationship between sexual violence against fryren and pornography. A thorough assessment was created use laboratory findings and case studies of those who had suffered from child sexual abuse. It was found that child sexual abuse was only affected to a slight and indirect extent by pornography (Knudsen, 2005). Frequently, multitude associate pornography with obscenity. However, there is a lot of difference between these two aspects. Erotica is a situation of an intimat e relationship between military man such that closeness, communication, intimacy and sexual arousal are felt. Erotica utilize various symbols for communication and the feeling of interaction. It could be considered to be one system of dustup or dialect. Hence, erotica is usually shared between people belonging to close group, culture, religion, sect, ethnic community, etc.People belonging to other communities, sects, group, etc, would be unavailing to share and communicate with their partner. Hence, the erotic appeal may not be present in such circumstances. Erotica cannot mix with brutality. To some extent erotica can vary from one taste to another. Many people use the term erotica in order to demonstrate and applaud pornography. However, both these toll need to be completely differentiated from one another. Pornography is the misuse of women and children in the name of erotica.This misuse can be considered in two ways. Firstly, a woman may be abused and forced into pornography through the erotica. Besides, many of the female pornography material depict man dominating and abusing women and treating them as mere objects. I do feel that pornography directly and indirectly creates a situation in which the woman is victimized. This may further the chances of women getting sexually offended (Utah State University, 2007). Many of the material available today on the internet and the print media has been generated by threatening women into certain acts that hit not been expected. For example, Linda Marchiano was peril with a gun to perform several sexual acts in the film Deep Throat. Today graphic material is available on the Internet of women existence tortured, raped and victimized for the sake of sexual arousal. I do feel that this may not create a sense of erotica but rather encourage violence and crime against women (Utah State University, 2007). Pornography has changed the entire concept of masculinity and femininity. Earlier, these two genders were con sidered as complimentary to one another. A woman was basically made to supplement the necessitate of man. However, pornography has spoilt this relationship between man and woman. Indirectly man is victimizing women in the name of pornography. Men dominate women and children using pornographic material. Man would try to conquer other sexually, and women would have to submit to the sexual needs of man. In a husband-wife relationship, the wife would become the weaker party and the husband would become the stronger one.Once this domination is created, every chance exists for the man to abuse and ill-treat the woman. Today pornography has been closely associated with male supremacy. As pornography is becoming more and more common in todays world, it is having a negative influence on the people. Pornography touches upon male dominance, sexual inequality and sexual subordination. Hence, people consider and use violence, force and domination as a part of sex. This helps to spread terrori sm and hatred amongst the population. Today, people are unable to recognize the thin line present between pornography and erotica (Utah State University, 2007). Pornography may influence the individual to various extents depending on the individual factors, the quality of pornographic material, the extent to which the material causes sexual arousal, etc. Studies have demonstrated that when children and adolescents are exposed to pornographic material, there are chances that these children on becoming adults would have perverted sexual tendencies.They may also perform violent acts in order to gain sexual gratification. However, some studies have demonstrated that expose of the child or adolescent to a minimal amount of pornographic material during early age would help them to benefit later, as they would be aware of the sexual processes that occur in adults. However, this area needs to be thoroughly researched further to determine the type of pornographic material and the extent to which they would benefit (Malamuth et al, 2005). The World needs to change its attitude toward pornography. To some extent individuals possessing certain characteristics may be exposed to a greater extent than others to pornographic material. A study conducted by Malamuth et al (2005) demonstrated that men, who were exposed to material containing sexuality and violence against women, accepted these attacks secretly. The acceptance was much greater in men who were exposed to pornographic material than those who were not. Men who were exposed to media presentations of material, which glorified sexual attacks on women, developed aggressive attitudes towards women (Malamuth et al, 2005). Thus it can be seen that pornographic material is harmful to the development of loving relationships throughout the world between man and woman. The effect of pornographic material varies depending on the culture, region of the world, sect, religion, etc. Scientists should try to develop a method of find the direct relationship that exists between pornography and sexual violence against women.The Internet may be a very useful resource for teenagers and students. However, this resource could also be misused, as activity may be difficult to monitor. It is high time for the law-enforcement agencies and parents to help control the activity of teenagers and students over the Internet. The manner in which the child or teenagers utilizes the Internet plays a major role in the development of the personality and behavior later in life (Paul et al, 2005 Bremer, 2005).ReferencesBremer, J. (2005). The Internet and children advantages and disadvantages. Psychiatr Clin N Am, 14(3), 405-428.http//www.springerlink.com/ confine/g074414vx721x677/Knudsen, D. D. (2005). Child sexual abuse and pornography Is there a relationship? Journal of Family Violence, 3(4), 253-267.Malamuth, N., Huppin, M. (2005). Pornography and Teenagers The Importance of Individual Differences. Adol Med Clin, 16(2).Paul, B. Bryant, J. A. (2005). Adolescents and the Internet. Adol Med Clin, 16(2).Utah State University (2007). Lesson 10. Pornography, Violence, and the Law. Retrieved on declination 7, 2007, from Utah State University Web site http//cc.usu.edu/fath6/Gen5.htmVillani, V. S. (2005). Media literacy for clinicians and parents. Child Adolesc Psychiatr Clin N Am, 14(3), 523-553.Webb, E. (2007). Pornography or Censorship-Silence or Choice? Retrieved on December 7, 2007, from DSP Web site http//www.dsp.org.au/dsp/porno.htm

Gilgamesh And The Legend Of King Arthur English Literature Essay

Gilgamesh And The fable Of King Arthur English Literature EssaySynthesizing is bringing together of quaternary texts. In this case, we shall compare and contrast ii myths by different authors, epic of Gilgamesh and the legend of King Arthur. Although these two literary texts present comparisons, they also have differences. The nifty difference is that one is an Epic and the other is a legend (Danny 4). To compare and contrast the epic of Gilgamesh and the legend of king Arthur, one must first neck what the words epic and legend mean. Basically, epic is a long narrative poem about the deeds of a semi-god, also known as a superhu humanity hero whose actions are depended on as fate of a nation, tribe or human race ( Danny 6).This usually consists of adventure of a fill plot and is concerned with timeless human challenges ranging from honor, jealousy, hatred and war. These contain gods and goddesses and the setting is fixed in a far distance place at a time long past. Epics are ba sed on legends and myths. A legend, consist of a superman who manages to solve some problems that a group of people have encountered for long. It also consists of an adventure filled plot. Having known that, there is now a discover understanding of these two stories (Danny 10).Eric of Gilgamesh is a story that revolves around Gilgamesh king of Uruk, who was two thirds god and one third men. He was physically beautiful and, very strong and very wise. His kingship was so cruel and he lorded over his subjects, raping any cleaning lady whether a wife or a daughter of his noblemen or warrior (Danny12). He accomplished building his projects through forced labor. His subjects complained to the gods and they decided to keep him under checks by creating Enkidu magnificent just like Gilgamesh. The two became good friends and Gilgamesh felt so bad when Enkidu dies from an illness inflicted by the gods. Upon the death of his friend, Gilgamesh travels to the end of edge of the world and intima te about the days before the deluge and other secrets of the gods, and he recorded them on treasure tablets (Danny 14). The epic begins with Enkidu. He lives with animals, suckling their breasts, grazing meadows and drinking at their watering places. In a bid to tame him he is meant to sleep with a woman but this does not happen as he is spurned since he is part of human world. He would later fight with Gilgamesh only for him to be defeated. They become friends and set off looking for an adventure to share (Danny 18).The legend of King Arthur is a narrative that revolves around Roman Empire and its fall as their armies flee the British isle. Arthur, a heroic knight and devoted Christian, is tear between his desire to travel to Rome to serve his faith and his royalty to the land of his birth. As England falls apart, Arthur throws his lot with a band of knights who hope to remedy order to their fair and pleasant land and hopes to win freedom for his comrades. With time, Arthur and his men join forces with Merlin, a shaman whose band of renegade knights were often pitched in the battle against roman forces. Forming a united front as loyal English men against the invading Saxon armies, Arthur, Merlin, and the brave beautiful Guinevere are unyielding to unite a sovereign Britain under one army and one king (Morris et al 55).The legend of King Arthur is in comparison to the epic of Gilgamesh because Arthurs enveloping(prenominal) companion was Merlin while Gilgameshs closest companion was Enkidu and neither of these two forgot their friends. Enkidu only came into contact with Gilgamesh after becoming a man. Enkidu released the animal traps when they are caught, so to make him a man the ill-treats slept with him so that the animals would be ashamed of him and reject him. King Arthur became aware of Merlin when he was still a young man (Morris et al 62). When Arthur was born, Merlin placed him in the care of sir Ector, throughout his boyhood Arthur learned the ways of chivalry, knighthood and how to become a gentleman. At the tournament one day Arthur pulled Excalibur from the stone and this is what brought upon Arthur meeting Merlin once again.In the legend of King Arthur, Merlin exclaimed that if men forgot it was their doom. Gilgamesh along with Enkidu together fought and killed humbaba, protector of the cedar forest, and the bull of heaven, sent as punishment to Gilgamesh for killing Gilgamesh. Neither King Arthur nor Gilgamesh forgot their near friends. King Arthur fought many battles with Merlin at his side, supporting him using magic to help Arthur gain a better understanding of the world. Upon the death of Enkidu, Gilgamesh searched a long time before finding the secret of eternal life, but he was unable to return it to Enkidu to recreate his life to him. When Merlin was frozen from Morgannas twisted magic, King Arthur notion that Merlin deserted him. (Morris et al 68).In conclusion, there are many distinct comparisons as well as contrasts that are seen in these two wondrous narratives. Some of which include the diverse contrast of the type of literary writing and the correspondence of the faithful companions of both Gilgamesh and King Arthur. This is why The Epic of Gilgamesh and The Legend of Arthur are the same yet unlike.Although there are so many similarities between The Epic of Gilgamesh and the Legend of King Arthur, there are so many differences. One outstanding difference is that Gilgamesh was a tyrant while Arthur was a hero. Gilgamesh thought he was better than everybody else for he did not allow the brides to sleep with their husbands until Gilgamesh was with them first. Gilgamesh split Uruk up, the elders stayed at the marketplace, the animals were less than people, there was n any hunting laws (Morris et al 72). Because Enkidu fled the animals from the hunters traps Gilgamesh sent a prostitute to make Enkidu a man so that the animals would not accept him. King Arthur was a hero because he be lieved in the equality of man. Instead of being at the head of the table he made all the knights sit at the round table so that there was an equivalency among the knights and their mistresses. King Arthur slept only with and what he thought to be his wife. This is one reason why The Epic of Gilgamesh and The Legend of King Arthur are distinct (Morris et al 78).Work citedDanny P. The epic of Gilgamesh.2nd ed. Bolchazy-Carducci Publishers, 1997 (2-100)Morris, Albert, Paul. The Epic of Gilgamesh An Old Babylonian Version. Book Tree, 2003(3-112)Arnold C. Legends of the Arts 50 Inspiring Stories of Creative People. Good Year Books, 2007

Shakespeares Twelfth Night | Analysis

Shakespe atomic number 18s Twelfth Night AnalysisWilliam Shakespeares Twelfth Night, is a rich comedy delving into the innate hu manhood relish for deal. Shakespeare personas these characters merely as vessels for a larger insight into society as a whole. No person deprivations what they can truly have, tho rather, what they cannot. Shakespeare conveys a bass portrayal of reverie where his characters are masochists and argues how jazz can blind and act so impulsively to satisfy an innate need. By residueing of the play with terzetto weddings Shakes pear sends the com workforcets that sexual love has no boundaries.When the reader is branch introduced to Duke Orinso, he is accounting the first time he l advocate eyes upon the lady Olivia. by the use of language, the Duke speaks of a love that he wishes he could be full of and die away, If music be the food of love, play on Give me excess of it, that, surfeiting The appetite may sicken, and so die (Act I, I, 1-3). The Du kes case seems to be self indulgent, and gains enjoyment from creation overdramatic. From the on set of the play, he gives off the impression that he knows he allow never obtain the love of Olivia, but he enjoys wallowing in self pity, and encouraging other(a)s to be sympathetic to his situation as well. In a separate speech, the Duke refers to his desires for Olivia as my desires, alike fell and cruel hounds, Eer since pursue me (Act I, I, 20-24). It seems as though love or romance for him is a game, rather than an emotion to be taken seriously. Through forth the rest of the play, his pursuance of Olivia never ceases, and at one point the even threatens to kill his own servant Cesario because of Olivias mistaken sentiment that Cesario was the man she had just married. With that threat from the Duke, this comedy could have potentially been turned to tragedy. The Duke never once elaborates on the finer feelings for Olivia, he merely pines over her in a superficial way, and had Olivia given in to his persistence, the Duke would have gained a trophy wife, just someone pretty to look at. Only when Cesario revels himself as a cleaning lady, genus Viola, does the Duke show the capacity to love someone he has had a deeper relationship with than just looks. With this ends his masochistic ways of loving someone who exit never love him back, but it says nothing for the somemultiplication transparent emotions the Duke has.Another character that falls deeply into a self satisfying love aff ambience is Countess Olivia. Olivia is blinded by love she and ignores the evidence that points to Cesario as actually not being whom he says he is, and over looks the possibility that Cesario might be a female despite his deficiency of masculine features. Olivia justifies his feminine features as a eunuch and is bequeath to fall in love with Cesario. Olivia decision to fall in love with a eunuch despite knowing she wont be able to have children enforces shows how that she is w illing to cross the boundaries of society for true love.She describes love as something that comes upon her unexpectedly and out of nowhere, Not too fast soft, soft unless the masters were the man. How now? Even so quickly may one catch the plague? (Act I, V .282 -284). Through the next few acts she schemes to obtain the love of Cesario, a measly servant rather than giving her love to the Duke or Sir Andrew to retain the power she has being the woman of the house. It is hard to take the character of Olivia seriously when we first find her in such despair that she doesnt want to be seen by any man other than her servant Malvolio and her uncle, then in an instant she can turn to giving her love away to a younger, lower class servant that she notwithstanding knows.Shakespeares creativity of the foil between the sayings loves is blind and Sebastians mistaken camouflage as being Cesario, Olivia disregards Sebastian comments about being a stranger ignoring him and pressure that he is t he man she fell in love with So comes it, lady, you have been mistook But nature to her bias drew in that. You would have been contracted to a maid Nor are you therein, by my life, deceived, You are betrothd both to a maid and man Act (V, I, 2460). The feeling of true love is so strong with in Olivia that she is will to accept a complete stranger to fill him that gap that true love meant. When Viola raveled herself, the reaction of Olivia is very calm for she has married the disguise that she has fallen in love with. Olivia crosses the boundary of basic society values of getting to know some one before marry that person. In the end of the play, both Olivia and Orinso end up happy, but this is mainly because they marry the man and woman versions of the same person.Viola who was only trying to find refuge from a shipwrecked, disguises herself as a young boy. Viola is left alone and must look to her own resourcefulness to secure her safety. Conceal me what I am, and be my aid/ for such disguise as haply shall become/ the form of my intent. Ill serve this duke (Act I, II, 49-51).Violas disguise soon turns into a dilemma, epoch falling in love with Orsino she innocently becomes the object of affection of Olivia, the woman she is suppose to help fall in love with Orsino. Orsino looks past the disguise of Cesario and falls in love with Viola regardless of her depictions. When Orsino learns that Cesario is acceptedly Viola his actions are surprising. Orsino gives no second judgement to the fact that he has fallen in love with a woman while she was disguised as a man. Viola crosses the boundary deception in taking on a disguise to make the Duke fall in love with her.Maria and Sir Tobys wedding at the end of the play was very surprising. Sir Toby who is a drunk and has a bit of noble line of work falls in love With Olivias maid Maria. Sir Toby love for Maria is not because she is beautiful or very attractive but because of her luminance in handling the hoax on Malv olio I could marry this wench for this device. Act (II, IV, 1208). Sir Toby is willing to cross to boundary of social class by marring Maria who happens to be beneath him in society.In conclusion in Twelfth Night Shakespeares commentary on love and romance is that most times it is transparent, that people have their own agendas for their feelings, whether it be beauty, power, or social advancement. None of these characters actually had the true feeling of love, but all were melodramatic and flailed around like they had found the loves of their lives, their missing half.The Bait, John Donne Analysis The Passionate sheepman to His Love, Marlowe AnalysisThe Bait, John Donne Analysis The Passionate Shepherd to His Love, Marlowe AnalysisIn The Passionate Shepherd to His Love and The Bait the reader finds two contrasting images of the world. Marlowe paints the world as a utopian society withought any worries or dangers. The shepherd and the lover he is seeking in his quest have no respon sibilities in life other than to enjoy life to it fullest. In describing the pleasures which the couple can enjoy in the countryside, Marlowe fails to include the manner in which the shepherd obtains those pleasures and omits any of the negative possibilities which may accompany them. The shepherd tells the female that they will sit upon the rocks/And see the shepherds feed their flocks (5/6), but he does not mention the responsibilities associated with owning flocks of sheep and protecting them from danger. The beds of roses (9) that the shepherd offers to his love will, more than likely, contain thorns and will be a rather uncomfortable place to prevarication . To obtain the gown made of the finest wool (13) is not an easy task for the shepherd because he will need to shear a lamb which involves a great deal of hard work. The shepherds courtship in Marlowes verse form is the impractical dream of a lover who wants to satisfy his desire without giving any thought to the responsibi lities of life in the real world. Marlowe creates a pretty picture of the world, but it is far from the reality of the world lived in by a shepherd.While Marlowes poem takes place in an somewhat imaginary world, Donnes poem portrays a more cynical and realistic image of the world. The characters in Donnes poem live in a world filled with real dangers and the possibility of death. In describing the pleasures used to tempt the lover, Donne includes the negative side of those pleasures. The golden sands, and crystal brooks (3) which are offered may be beautiful, but they do contain silken lines, and silver hooks(4) which can be deadly. When Donne writes about letting others freeze with angling reeds,/and cut their legs with shells and weeds (17-18), it is clear that other angle are struggling and are in danger of getting harmed in their quest for love. Strangling snare, or windowy net( 20) is a further example of the real dangers present for the fish in Donnes portrayal of the world. The world in this poem is more practical than the world described in Marlowes poem it gives thought to many another(prenominal) of the real dangers in life. Donne creates a picture of the world that is actually close to the reality of a life lead by a fish being lured by take in.The notion of romance portrayed in the two poems differs a great deal. Marlowes poem expresses an overly optimistic view of romance. He presents romance as both beautiful and unselfish, and captures the bliss of a natural and undemanding love. The shepherd tells the lady that if she will only, Come live with me and be my Love (1), he will give her delight after delight. He promises that she will be dressed in the finest luxuries Fair lined slippers for the cold, With buckles of the purest gold (15/16) and will eat her meals from silver dishes (21). Never, in this poem, does Marlowe acknowledge any of the negative aspects that are hidden in his idea of romance. He fails to mention that he is not offering h er marriage nor any ghost that they will establish a future together. The concept of romance presented in this poem is one without any true commitment and offers only the pleasures of the moment. Marlowes view of romance captures the joys of a simple and uncomplicated romance that is free of obligation. Romantic love in Donnes poem is expressed as a more cynical experience. Although the first stanzas of the poem represent a romantic world, the remainder of the poem seems to be mocking the existence of such genuine romantic relationships. Donne seems to be warning men about the dangers of women and of falling in love. The imagery in Or treacherously poor fish beset/With strangling snare, or windowy net (19-20) illustrates a mans way out of his ability to move and be free in his search of romance. It further conveys the idea that perhaps a woman is not as totally fantastic as man may believe, and that it is the woman who is in control of the romance Each fish, which every channel ha th,/Will amorously to thee swim,/Gladder to catch thee, than thou him (10-13). The concept of romanic love portrayed in this poem is one of warning regarding the commitments and dangers that romance can hold. Donnes view of romance clearly captures the difficulties and complications that can be involved in romance. The mood conveyed in these poems is distinctly different. Marlowes poem represents a mood that is carefree and light, and Donnes represents one that is dark and much more serious. In Marlowes poem, the pastoral scene creates an melodic line of peace and tranquility. The blissful description of romance creates an enchanting feeling that makes the mood of the poem appear magical. The treasures the shepherd offers to his love appeal to the senses and are among the most beautiful and luxurious that nature hills and valleys, dale and field, and all that craggy mountains yield. (3/4) and man have to offer. The animated and cheerful vision that is created when the shepherd tell s the woman that the shepherd swains shall dance and sing (25) if she will accept the gifts he offers conveys a mood that is enjoyable and merry. The happiness and promising mood of Marlowes poem is in direct contrast to the darker and dangerous mood of Donnes poem.In Donnes poem, the mood is dark and the characters exist in an environment that is full of uncertainty and laced with danger. The pastoral scene of Marlowes poem is replaced with the chaotic world of fish and bait together in the water. His skeptical description of romance creates a sense of caution which fills the poem with a mood of fear and apprehension. As the fish are completely captivated by the woman, they are willing to betray each other in order to gain her love. This willingness to betray each other plants an air of deceit into the mood of the poem. Fear of being captured Gladder to catch thee, than thou him (12) suggests a mood of anxiety in that the man wants to enjoy the bait, but does not want to be snared by it. The possibility of the fish being caught by the bait also introduces the probability of death to the poem and furthers its gloomy mood in that the fish freeze with angling reeds (17) or are unable to move due to the strangling snare, or windowy net (20). The dark mood created in this poem is significantly different from the bright mood of Marlowes poem. My opinion that Donnes poem is written as a response to Marlowes poem is based on the significant differences present in the authorships of the poets portrayals of the world, their views of romance, and the moods they set in their poems. Donnes realistic interpretation of the world is in direct contrast to the idealistic world portrayed by Marlowe. In Donnes poem, it is suggested that romance is not all joy and bliss, but is serious and can be perilous. Donnes troubled and dark poem was written in response to Marlows light and happy poem. These theme differences in the description of the world, the concept of romance, and th e mood of the poems lead me to believe that Donnes poem was written as a response to the poem of Marlowe. This makes me feel that future poets will respond to both of theses poems with their own views.

Compare Coca-Cola and Pepsis marketing strategies

Compare Coca-Cola and Pepsis marketing strategiesINTRODUCTIONCoca-cola is a soft drink. Manufactured by coca-cola connection. It was introduced in 1986. Coca-Cola is a carbonated soft drink sold in stores, restaurants, and selling equipment worldwide. The Coca-Cola c wholeer claims that the drink is sold in more than 200 countries. It is produced by The Coca-Cola gild in Atlanta, Georgia, and is often referred to simply as change state or as cola. The Coca-Cola Company is the worlds largest drink company, refreshing customers with more than 450 fresh and still brands. Along with Coca-Cola, cognize as the worlds most valuable brand, the Companys collection includes 12 other billion dollar brands, including Diet Coke, Fanta, Sprite, Coca-Cola Zero, and vitamin piss, PowerAde, Minute Maid and Georgia Coffee. Worldwide, we are the No. 1 supplier of fresh beverages, juices and juice drinks and ready-to-drink teas and coffees. Throughout the worlds largest beverage delivery system, c ustomers in more than 200 countries enjoy the Companys beverages at a rate of 1.5 billion servings a day. With a permanent promise to building sustainable communities, our Company is foc practised on initiatives that guard the surroundings, preserve resources and improve the financial growth of the communities where we throw. In the commencement proposed as a copyright medicine when it was made-up in the late 19th century by John Pemberton, Coca-Cola was bought out by businessman As a Griggs Candler, whose marketing plans lead Coke to its authority of the world soft-drink market by dint ofout the 20th century. The concern produces focus, which is then sold to certified Coca-Cola bottlers both the trend through the world. The bottlers, who hold territori anyy private contracts with the company, manufacture complete product in cans and bottles from the deliberate in arrangement with filtered water and sweeteners. The bottlers then sell rationalize and produce Coca-Cola to put up for sale stores and trade equipment. Such bottlers include Coca-Cola Enterprises, which is the main on its own Coca-Cola bottler in North America and Western Europe. The Coca-Cola Company similarly sells concentrate for soda fountains to major restaurants and food service distributors. BRANDSThe Coca-Cola Company has cartridge clip tointroduce other cola drinks under the Coke brand name. The most repair of these is Diet Coke, with others as well as Caffeine-Free Coca-Cola, Diet Coke Caffeine-Free, Coca-Cola Cherry, Coca-Cola Zero, Coca-Cola Vanilla, and special editions with lemon yellow, lime or coffee. In answer to profaneer insistence on a more natural product, the company is in the process of phasing out E211, or sodium benzoate, the contentious additive used in Diet Coke and associate to DNA damage in yeast cells and hyperactivity in children. The company has known that it plans to gather in away E211 from its other products, including Sprite and Oasis, as soon as a reas onable substitute is institute. On April 23, 1985, Coca-Cola, among to a large extent advertising, attempted to change the formula of the drink with untested Coke. Follow-up flavour test heart-to-heart that most customers chosen the taste of New Coke to both Coke and Pepsi, but Coca-Cola management was not ready for the publics homesickness for the old drink, primary to a reaction. The company gave in to protests and returned to a difference of the old method, with high-fructose replacing cane sugar, under the name Coca-Cola model on July 10, 1985.On February 7, 2005, the Coca-Cola Company announced that in the moment sector of 2005 they designed to begin a Diet Coke product sweet with the artificial sweetener sucralose, the same sweetener at present used in Pepsi one. On March 21, 2005, it announced one more diet product, Coca-Cola Zero, sweetened in part through a blend of aspartame and aciculae potassium. In 2007, Coca-Cola began to sell a new wellnessy soda. Diet Coke with v itamins B6, B12, magnesium, niacin, and zinc, marketed as Diet Coke Plus. On July 5, 2005, it was exposed that Coca-Cola would start again operations in Iraq for the first time since the Arab group boycotted the company in 1968.In April 2007, in Canada, the name Coca-Cola Classic was changed back to Coca-Cola. The word Classic was removed because New Coke was no long in making, eliminating the need to distinguish amidst the two. The method remained unmovable. In January 2009, Coca-Cola stopped printing the word Classic on the labels of quantity bottles sold in part of the south eastern United States. The change is part of a big plan to refresh the products figure. In November 2009, due to a command above in large quantities prices of Coca-Cola products, Costco stopped restocking its shelve with Coke and Diet Coke.Production Ingredients of coca-cola are Carbonated water, Sugar, Caffeine, Phosphoric acid v. Caramel, Natural flavourings. A can of Coke has 39 grams of carbohydrates , 50mg of sodium, 0 grams fat, 0 grams potassium, and 140 calories. The correct procedure of Coca-Colas normal flavourings is a well-known operate top secret. The new copy of the procedure is said in SunTrust Banks happen upon cellar in Atlanta. Its forerunner, the dependence concern, was the underwriter for the Coca-Cola Companys initial public offering in 1919. An admired legend states that only two executives have right of use to the method, with severally management have only half the principle. The truth is that while Coca-Cola does have a rule restricting contact to only two executives, each knows the whole formula and others, in adding to the agreed set of two, have known the formulation method. Coca-cola cherry available only in Canada starting in 1996. Coca-cola with lemon available in many countries like as, Brazil, Germany, Hong Kong, United kingdom, United states etc. Coca-cola vanilla these drink we can get in Australia, New Zeeland, Malaysia etc. The illustrious Coc a-Cola symbol was shaped by John Pembertons bookkeeper, Frank Mason Robinson, in 1885. Robinson came up with the name and chose the logos typical cursive handwriting. The font used, identified as Spenserian script, was developed in the middle 19th century and was the main shape of proper writing in the United States throughout that time. The regularly famous Coca-Cola bottle, called the embodiment bottle inside the concern, but known to some as the shuffle kilt bottle, was created in 1915 by bottle designer Earl R. Dean. In 1915, the Coca-Cola Company launched an op slip between its bottle suppliers to make a new bottle for the drink that would differentiate it from other drink bottles. In 1997, Coca-Cola also introduced a contour can, like in figure to its famous bottle, on a small number of test markets, as well as Terre Haute, Indiana the new can has never been loosely released. Coca-Cola is a registered brand name in most countries. The U.S. brand for Coca-Cola was first filed on May 14, 1892 with the picture nutrient or boost beverages. This filing became a registered United States trademark on January 31, 1893 and continues to be changed through the end of December 2009. In the UK, Coca-Cola was registered with the UK rights Office on July 11, 1922, under registration number 427817. In 2007, Coca-Cola introduced an aluminum can considered to look like the original glass Coca-Cola bottles. In 2007, the companys symbol on cans and bottles changed. The cans and bottles taken the red colour and common letters, but the plans were cut down, release only the sign and a simple white spin. In 2008, in a number of parts of the world, the plastic bottles for all Coke varieties was changed to take in a new plastic coil ceiling and a contoured bottle figure planned to suggest the old glass bottles. The Coca-Cola Corporation purchased Columbia movies in 1982, and began inserting Coke-product descriptions in a lot of its films. After a small number of early successes for the period of Coca-Colas ownership, Columbia began to under-perform, and the studio was sold to Sony in 1989. Coca-Cola has left through a number of different publicity slogans in its lengthy history, as well as the break that refreshes.REWARDSIn 2006, Coca-Cola introduced My Coke Rewards, a buyer allegiance movement where customers receive points by entering codes from specially-marked letters of Coca-Cola goods into a website. These points can be redeemed for a variety of prizes. Coca-Cola was the first industrial sponsor of the majestic games, at the 1928 games in Amsterdam, and has been an exceptionals supporter still since.The Coca-Cola Company has been an majestic partner since 1928 almost 80 years and is the best continuous commercial follower of the exceeding Movement. The Company works with National Olympic Committees in more than 200 countries to help athletes train and fight. More than 90 percent of the Coca-Cola systems investment in the Olympic Games is focuss ed to athlete development and to help in production the Games. Products of The Coca-Cola Company refresh athletes, volunteers, officials and audience during the Olympic Games and supporting programs such as the Beijing 2008 Olympic Torch Relay allows Coca-Cola to help share the Olympic courage around the world. The Coca-Cola Company is the special non-alcoholic beverage partner to the Olympic Games through 2020. This company sustenance included the 1996 Summer Olympics hosted in Atlanta, which allowed Coca-Cola to focus its homeland. Since 1978, Coca-Cola has sponsored each FIFA World Cup, and other rival controlled by FIFA. In fact, one FIFA tournament award, the FIFA World Youth relief from Tunisia in 1977 to Malaysia in 1997, was called FIFA Coca-Cola Cup. In adding together, Coca-Cola sponsors the annual Coca-Cola 600 and Coke Zero 400 for the NASCAR Sprint Cup Series at Charlotte Motor Speedway in Concord, North Carolina and Daytona outside(a) Speedway in Daytona, Florida. Coca-Cola has a long history of sports advertising dealings, which over the years have built-in Major League Baseball, the National Football League, National hoops Association and the National Hockey League, as well as with many teams within those leagues. Coca-Cola is the certified soft drink of many collegiate football teams throughout the country. Coca-Cola was one of the representative sponsors of the 1996 Cricket World Cup assumed on the Indian subcontinent. Coca Cola is also one of the link sponsors of Delhi Daredevils in Indian Premier League. In England, Coca-Cola is the chief sponsor of The Football League, a name given to the three qualified divisions below the Premier League in football. It is also responsible for the renaming of these divisions until the beginning of Coca-Cola sponsorship they were referred to as Divisions One, Two and Three. Since 2004, the divisions have been known as the challenge League One and League 2. This renaming has caused conflict amongst some fans, which see it as hopeless that the third level of English Football is now called League One. In 2005, Coca-Cola launched a competition for the 72 clubs of the football league, it was called Win a Player. These sanctioned fans to leave 1 take part in an election per day for their favourite club, with 1 admission being chosen at chance earning 250,000 for the club, this was constant in 2006. The Win a Player competition was very contentious, as at the end of the 2 competitions, Leeds United AFC had the most votes by more than twice, that they did not win any money to spend on a new player for the club. In 2007, the competition changed to buy a Player. This competition allowed fans to buy a bottle of Coca-Cola Zero or Coca-Cola and accept the code on the covering on the Coca-Cola website. This code could then receive anything from 50p to 100,000 for a club of their selection. This competition was favoured over the old Win a Player competition, as it approved all clubs to win so me money. In India, there is a main argument whether there are pesticide and other dangerous chemicals in bottled goods, as well as Coca-Cola. In 2003 the Centre for Science and Environment, a non-governmental organization in New Delhi, said fizzy waters shaped by soft drinks manufacturers in India, including international giants PepsiCo and Coca-Cola, controlled toxin together with Lindale, marathon and chlorpyrifos pesticides that can give to growth and a rat of the immune system. CSE found that the Indian produced Pepsis soft drink products had 36 times the level of pesticide residues allowed under European Union system Coca-Colas soft drink was found to have 30 times the legal amount. CSE said it had tested the same products sold in the U.S. and found no such residue. After the creature prankish allegation were made in 2003, Coca-Cola sales in India declined by 15 percent. In 2004 an Indian governmental commission backed up CIEs result and a government-appointed group was task ed with early the worlds first pesticide principles for soft drinks. The Coca-Cola concern has responded that its plants filter water to remove possible contaminants and that its products are tested for pesticides and must meet minimum health grades before they are spread. In the Indian state of Kerala sale and production of Coca-Cola, along with other soft drinks, was firstly banned after the allegation, until the in high spirits Square in Kerala overturned ruled that only the central government can ban food products. Coca-Cola has also been accused of too much water handling in India. The Coca-Cola system in Australia introduced Coca-Cola Zero on Australia Day, January 26. As the first market outside North America to launch Coca-Cola Zero, Australia is attractive a significantly different approach. In Australia, Coca-Cola Zero encourages people to free themselves from limits. Instead of Chill Out, the note to consumers is Unlimited Yourself. A single Australian formulation was d eveloped, and thus far the covering was developed particularly for Aussie consumers. The Coca-Cola drink has a high degree of classification with the United States, being measured by some an American patsy or as a thing indicating America. The classification with the increase of American society has led to the pun Coca-Colonization. The drink is also often a metonym for the Coca-Cola concern. at that place are some customer boycotts of Coca-Cola in Arab countries due to Cokes early investment in Israel throughout the Arab League boycott of Israel. Mecca Cola and Pepsi have been doing well alternatives in the centre east. Coca-Cola is the most popular and biggest-selling soft drink in history, as well as the best-known product in the world. Coca-Cola has been at the front position of libelling initiatives for nearly 20 years, most important the way in adding per-package diet information on labels, in addition to the per-serving information that is compulsory by rule. utmost year, the concern began as well as caffeine-content information on the labels of products with added caffeine. The new front-of-package libelling includes information that was always to be found in the food proof embellish of Coca-Cola goods, but it is now easier for customers to see this important information at a glance. In the next months, Coca-Cola goods throughout the European Union get out start remove expanded food information on packaging to help consumers make educated option. The Coca-Cola Company in the European Union has committed to the chosen, practical changes, which the European food and drink production group CIAA announced this hebdomad to regulate the food information available on food and drink packaging in Europe. In addition, the British Soft Drinks company announced that the drink manufacturing in Great Britain would be adopting a GDA food system regular with the CIAA plan, indicating the first well-provided performance of the new labels to a whole division in a European Union country. Within the next 24 months, all Coca-Cola goods sold in the European Union Group will have a force symbol on the front of the packs stating the calories per serving in the product and the percent those calories standstill for of the total optional daily drinking, or Guideline Daily Amount. The backs of the parcels will contain expanded information displaying the GDAs for sugar, fat, soaked fat, salt and calories, when applicable. That will be in adding to a Big 8 nutrient table on the pack stating the energy value, protein, carbohydrate, sugar, fat, saturated fat, fibber and sodium content. Our Company is committed to contribution customers all the information they need to make up to date choices, in order to meet their diet and lifestyle needs. This idea recognizes peoples desire for more regular, helpful and easy-to-understand information, and we will take action upon it with genuine achievement in the open market. SOCIAL NETWORKINGCOCA-COLA has developed a highly self-made social networking strategy over the medieval two years. The company currently owns the second most popular page on Facebook with 3,261,218 members, and has a strong presence on other social sites, as well as its own corporate blog.Michael Donnelly, the companys global interactive marketing director, said at the Social Networking World Forum in London this week that the success of the strategy was the result of breaking from traditional marketing strategies and letting customers lead the way. So we let consumers drive the strategy, which we then embrace, he explained.ADVERTISEMENTAt first the idea of using social networks for marketing purposes had made Coca-Cola a little uncomfortable, as traditional marketing had always worked well for the company. Donnelly cited the 1.5 billion servings of Coke sold every day as evidence.An additional obstacle had been the global combination necessary for a social media strategy. Donnelly explained that his role had been to sc ale the learning from all around the world.We had brilliant marketers all over the world but they were decentralised in each country and, while they each had a social network, they were not sharing their experiences, he said.The deployment of the social media strategy began in late 2007 with the launch of Coca-Cola conversations , the first of the companys corporate blogs, which discusses Coca-Colas role in popular culture, its brand history and collectables.Coca-Cola infiltrated the practical(prenominal) world space in the same year by launching a competition for residents of Second Life called Virtual Thirst to design a vending machine that dispensed the essence of Coca-Cola rather than the drink itself.Digital MarketingStrategyStrategic planning is so essential to ensure the successful delivery of a project, that we take every design, website, email, banner, CMS and database through the same scoping, research and strategy definition process. At the project outset we work with ou r clients to build a deep understanding of their brand. Stakeholder interviews highlight the key business objectives, and user research ensures our customers customer is at the heart of any decision making. Only when we fully take hold of all of this, do we devise the most effective strategy, giving you confidence in our delivery, and maximum return on investment.We spend time define goals and understanding your brand, asking users how theyd like your website to work, scoping the project and setting the strategy. We then present our project specification which provides an perfect representation of the project. Then we deliver the goods, in-line with your expectations, which is why were enjoying so many long-term relationships with our clients.Online marketingFor many years weve helped major clients with their online advertising, right through from concept to completion. We can take care of media buying and develop raise and effective strategies. We can design exciting, believable creative and promote your brand via search engines. Well even undertake a full analysis of the campaign, and work out how we can go one better next time round.CONCLUSION In a competitive market, both companies(coke and pepsi) must identify and organise different market segments in order to remain at the cutting edge. Differences between the companies are evident with respect to product, pricing, place and promotion. Coca-cola relies heavily on value quality is more than something we see or taste. Pepsi, on the other hand, relies on its success resulting from superior products and high standards of performance. An effective marketing program brings together all of the elements of the marketing mix to achieve the organisations marketing objectives by delivering to customers what they want and need. Thus, the most successful companies will be those that can meet these needs most effective.

Flowers from the Storm Essay -- Literary Analysis, Jane Eyre

Romancing the GothicRomance wises come in some(prenominal) different styles with a physique of subgenres, themes, and character blueprints. Jane Eyre and Flowers from the Storm are no different. both Jane Eyre and Flowers from the Storm are romance novels, with Jane Eyre continuing early nineteenth century Romantic period traditions as well as a novel with a romantic relationship between two characters. Flowers from the Storm is a historical romance which is patterned after Brontes Jane Eyre. Laura Kinsale, author of Flowers, has won a variety awards for her writing, including the 1996 RRA-L Romance award for best all-time favorite romance for Flowers Brontes Jane Eyre came in second. Jane Eyre, a novel by Charlotte Bronte, is a gothic romance somewhat a plain governess and a dark hero who eventually fall in love with one another. Likewise Kinsales, Flowers from the Storm, delivers the same generic conventions with a religious, plain, adolescent woman and a misunderstood hero, who come together to develop a lasting romance. Charlotte Bronte first published Jane Eyre in 1847, under the pseudonym Currer Bell, a novel which has since become a success by earning its way into the literary canon. Bronte was born in 1816 in Yorkshire England and studied at the Clergy Daughters School. After leaving school she became ever so more interested in writing and reading Byron, after whom she later fashioned Rochester. Joyce Carol Oates relays, for Jane Eyre, whatever its kinship to eighteenth-century Gothic and however melodramatic authorized of its episode , is nonetheless a work of stubbornly idiosyncratic intelligence. (7) With the publication of Jane Eyre, Charlotte Bronte earned the respect of every generation that followed. Laura Kinsale, ... ...le for historical fictions and furthered the love of the style for many writers and readers a comparable. The romantic period is over. Yet the writers and characters who flourished in the period are still around in the homes and minds of many aspiring writers. Of course Charlotte Bronte and her peers are important to novels like Flowers and others like it. They are the blueprints for not only the way many authors write, but the way the readers expect the stories to unfold. They are the reason for the memory of the Romantic and gothic and their mold is the reason why so many choose to write the style. Forgetting which novel holds the most value, one must remember that literature doesnt just bear on to whats in the literary canon it also refers to whats on the bookshelves in the homes across this country, because today, Jane Eyre is almost as popular as Flowers.

Skinner’s Use of Metaphor in Explaining the Behaviorism of Walden Two E

skinners physical exertion of Metaphor in Explaining the Behaviorism of Walden Two B. F. Skinner revolutionized the field of psychological science through his numerous writings on behaviorism. However, he began his collegiate life as an English major, and his education in literary techniques and devices distinctly shows through in the manipulation of allegory in his famous novel Walden Two. Although Skinner rarely diverges from the incessant description of behavioral engineering through his mouthpiece in the novel, Frazier, he occasionally digresses from the theory and application of scientific experimentation to the literary elements that are essential to any novel. One of these elements, the metaphor of the sheep that appears at the beginning and end of the book, clearly embodies three principles of Skinners behaviorist rationale the superiority of positive reinforcement over negative reinforcement, the necessity for humans to accept their roles, and the functio n of the Walden tag to the members of Walden Two. The novel begins in the disillusioned atmosphere of post-World War Two America. Burris, a psychology professor and the main character of the novel, views his academic life with indifference, sharing this positioning toward teaching with his ism professor colleague, Castle. A creator pupil of Burris, Rodge, and a fellow soldier, Steve, return from the war, and dissatisfied with what they are expected to do with their lives, approach Burris with a proposition. A former classmate of Burris, Frazier, has started a utopian community by the name of Walden Two, and the two friends invite Burris and Castle to accompany them on a visit. When they arrive, the enthusiastic, vain Frazier leads th... ...erimental nature of the engrave. Frazier says how it is back up to view every habit and custom with an eye to possible improvement. A constant experimental attitude toward everything (25). This applies to the Cod e as well, which changes whenever the members scent that it is necessary. Even though Skinner made a name for himself through his scientific endeavors, his novel Walden Two displays his literary training and knowledge. By using the metaphor of the sheep to further relieve the lives of Walden Two members in an enriching and scholarly way, Skinner manages to weave science and art together. His ability to enforce the ideas of positive reinforcement, acceptance of roles, and the politics of the Walden Code through the relief of a flock of sheep shows his literary merit. Skinner proves that he is not only a scientist, but a writer as well. Skinners Use of Metaphor in Explaining the Behaviorism of Walden Two ESkinners Use of Metaphor in Explaining the Behaviorism of Walden Two B. F. Skinner revolutionized the field of psychology through his numerous writings on behaviorism. However, he began his collegiate life as an English major, and his educa tion in literary techniques and devices clearly shows through in the manipulation of metaphor in his famous novel Walden Two. Although Skinner rarely diverges from the incessant description of behavioral engineering through his mouthpiece in the novel, Frazier, he occasionally digresses from the theory and application of scientific experimentation to the literary elements that are essential to any novel. One of these elements, the metaphor of the sheep that appears at the beginning and end of the book, clearly embodies three principles of Skinners behaviorist rationale the superiority of positive reinforcement over negative reinforcement, the necessity for humans to accept their roles, and the function of the Walden Code to the members of Walden Two. The novel begins in the disillusioned atmosphere of post-World War Two America. Burris, a psychology professor and the main character of the novel, views his academic life with indifference, sharing this attitude toward t eaching with his philosophy professor colleague, Castle. A former pupil of Burris, Rodge, and a fellow soldier, Steve, return from the war, and dissatisfied with what they are expected to do with their lives, approach Burris with a proposition. A former classmate of Burris, Frazier, has started a utopian community by the name of Walden Two, and the two friends invite Burris and Castle to accompany them on a visit. When they arrive, the enthusiastic, egotistical Frazier leads th... ...erimental nature of the Code. Frazier says how it is encouraged to view every habit and custom with an eye to possible improvement. A constant experimental attitude toward everything (25). This applies to the Code as well, which changes whenever the members feel that it is necessary. Even though Skinner made a name for himself through his scientific endeavors, his novel Walden Two displays his literary training and knowledge. By using the metaphor of the sheep to further exp lain the lives of Walden Two members in an enriching and scholarly way, Skinner manages to weave science and art together. His ability to enforce the ideas of positive reinforcement, acceptance of roles, and the politics of the Walden Code through the simplicity of a flock of sheep shows his literary merit. Skinner proves that he is not only a scientist, but a writer as well.