Operation Management Essay

Hard Rock uses these ten critical decisions of operational management; â€Å"Service and product design, Quality management, Process and capacity design, Location, Layout design/Job design, Supply-chain management, Inventory management, Scheduling and Maintenance†. These practices give the Hard Rock Cafe an edge in meeting new and growing needs of the restaurant, and entertainment industry. The service and product design Hard Rock sells is not just food, it’s a statement and a storied culture that has changed with time as we do as people. The â€Å"living on the edge† crowd of the 1980s can still live a little on the edge today in a Hard Rock restaurant, casino or even in a rock concert. The company is selling the feeling of still being a rebel. Hard Rock Cafe has grown into a successful industry that was once limited to a twenty something budget to grow with the wallets of the generation that gave birth to it. The quality management has been a key factor providing an environment that people want to continue to come back to. High quality products such as gourmet food, quality merchandise, and excellent service have kept the Hard Rock from dying. The individual sight managers alongside with the overall operation managers are responsible for maintaining the high quality products and environment that people expect to find there. Hard Rocks process and capacity design along with location selection are chosen based on high population areas with specific geographic requirements to ensure a large volume of customers. The location chosen requires a high capacity facility that is capable of serving its large number of customers. This is accomplished not just by size but by layout design and the efficient flow of  product and delivery of that product. That product flow along with a good human resources and job design are a crucial part of managing a Hard Rock. The management of the supply-chain and inventory/material is another essential part of Hard Rocks success. Managers have to purchase the correct equipment and supplies needed to efficiently produce the high quality products and take into account how much inventory is required and when to restock. This takes good data analysis and continually requires review to ensure proper inventory of supplies at all times. Lastly, managers need to take into account intermediate and short-term scheduling along with when to perform maintenance on equipment and facilities. Planning on high business times of the year managers can schedule preventative maintenance during the slower parts of the year. In the same way they can schedule part time employees to accommodate the influx of customers during busier parts of the year. Works Cited Professor Barry Render, J. H. (2013). Case Analysis on the Hard Rock Cafe. Trident University.

Forrest Gump Review Essay

The third movie we watched was, â€Å"Forrest Gump†. Tom Hanks plays the main character, a simple man called Forrest Gump. The story is told through his innocent eyes, and we see just how crazy the world really is. His best friend, Jenny, is played by Robin Wright and Forrest’s mother is played by Sally Field. There are a few themes to be found in this movie, the main ones being, love, death and war. You can find love in the movie between Forrest and Jenny being best friends, and how Forrest took care and looked after Jenny in her time of need. Also there is a strong love between Forrest and his mother, and how she took care of him when he was younger and how later he took care of her when she was sick. Finally you can find love between Forrest and his new friend, Bubba that he meets along his journey, and how close they are and the plans they make. Death can be found in a few places in the movie, being it his mother, his wife, or his best friend; we see how Forrest overcomes these deaths and how innocent he is when it comes to death itself. The third theme, war, is found when Forrest finds himself working for the army in Vietnam. We see here that he sees the world as a crazy place and even though he is seen as simple, he sees that fighting isn’t the only way to solve things. This movie shows that no matter how simple people see you to be, you still know the difference between right and wrong. Forrest sees the world in a more innocent and sweet way, and as the movie goes on people start to see the world the way he does and start to understand him a little bit more.

PC Case Essay

According to Carter, â€Å"a Pc case is the basis of the computer system within which all the other parts reside. The choice of a case size determines what other components of a machine may fit inside of it. It is the visible portion of a machine system†. Some modern computer cases come with a power supply pre-installed inside them, but most of them do not. It is therefore necessary for one to get a power supply which will work with the rest of the components and which has sufficient power. There are different types of cases which include small towers, tall towers, horizontal desktops, slim desktops, and also the â€Å"lunch box† size and shape made popular by the Shuttle and Mini-ITX case builders. (Carter, 2002:14) Computers Pc cases are available in many form factors or rather different magnitudes. The size and form of a case in a computer is generally dogged by the motherboard’s form factor that is intended to accommodate, since this is the most central and largest component of many computers. As a result, form factors in individual’s computer typically spell out only the inner proportions and case layout. Form factors for blade servers and rack-mounted incorporate defined peripheral dimensions as well bearing in mind that these computer Pc cases must themselves fit in particular inclusions. The conservative viewpoint says that a case carries out several functions. First, it holds on to a range of form factors so as to house the different components that make up a PC. (Ashton B, 2002:33) These factors are PSU, the motherboard, PCI cards, drives and fans. It also provides noise shielding. It allows air to flow through the case in order to cool the components within it. It gives a Pc its attractive appearance. The silent viewpoint is mostly in emphasis. Form factor adherence is implicit for all cases. However, EMI looks and shielding are derivative to the main properties of airflow vents that are exceedingly unobstructed, tortuous paths which facilitate noise escape to the case, airflow paths that are well-directed within the case and low sound transmission, sturdy construction and low resonance. To help personalize Pc cases on the computer market today, majority of the computer Pc case manufacturers present with various accessories. These accessories take account of items which include a case cover that has a window that has been built-in to specialized fans and lights. Bearing in mind that the time for the standard beige box are no longer in use, users now have several factors to consider when picking out their case which include color, design and lights and windows as well. (Cheek, J, 1995:19) Design The material of the Pc and the eminence of the workmanship normally make a big difference in a Pc case. At their base most cases are made with aluminum while others are made with steel. Other materials which incorporate plastics and acrylics as well are also used to complement the design and appearance of the Pc case. These materials not only impact on the ways that heat is held in or circulated out of the system but also impact on heaviness or portability of the Pc case. It is however of great significance that individual checks how the Pc case is put together. Finished edges or rather beveled normally minimize the possibilities of cuts while working inside the Pc case. To prevent doors breakage, hinges should be sturdy enough. Power Supplies In modern days, majority of the computer cases are put on the market independently from the power supply. Nevertheless, a number of these computer cases do come with a power supply already included. In cases where computers comes with power supply already inaugurated in the case, it is importance that users authenticate that the power supply wattage meets the requirements of the mechanism that will be fixed inside. In addition, it is importance for users of the computer to check and ensure that it has the correct connectors and enough cables essential for all of the inner components. Layout The adornment of the computer Pc case and its design can unswervingly impact on its usage. The position of the fans and ports on the computer normally improves access or rather increases the style of the Pc case. For instance, when a case has been placed on the floor, it would be considered better for the extra USB, audio and Fire Wire ports to be positioned on the top of the case than when positioned on the front. On the other hand, it would be better for the ports to be on the front should the case be on the top of a desk or inside a cabinet. Drives in the rear a door panel can lessen noise and this gives the Pc case a look that is more uniform. However, although the drive behind the door panel reduces the noise and gives the computer Pc case a more uniform look, it makes it impossible to access the drives behind the door panel. Conclusion Excess heat has a negative impact on the performance of the internal components in the desktop. Due to this heat effect, cooling is considered a very important factor to bring into attention. An assortment of vents ducts and fans that are built into a Pc case either aids or deters the flow of the heat from the internal to the peripheral parts of the case. A computer Pc case with a large quantity of the flow of air can also lead to a large amount of dust buildup inside of the case. However, the amount of dust in the computer Pc case can be reduced by acquisition of Filters and screens that are designed to help minimize dust in the Pc case. (Hill, P. , 1995:29) In order for one to have silent computing, unrestricted airflow vents should be used. A major approach is the use of quiet fans which work at reduced speed to eliminate the noise produced by fans. Since the volume and the pressure of airflow is significantly lower than that of a standard PC, any hitch at the vents creates a quite a large negative effect in temperatures. Well-directed Airflow Path in the Case is best accomplished by reducing the number of superfluous holes in the Pc case. Randomly placed holes on the sides of cheap cases, for example, tend to disrupt the ideal flow of air, which is generally seen as from front bottom to the back top. (Moir A,1991: 23)

Balancing Executive Development Coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3500 words

Balancing Executive Development - Coursework Example Boral Approach to Executive Development is a one of its kind program that has all the necessary elements that can make any program successful. Not only does it induce self-directed learning but also links performance to tangible results. It also allows for application of learning to real business cases and hence reinforces whatever learning is acquired during the course of the program. Some recommendations that can help Boral HRD practitioners make this program even more beneficial for their organization are listed below: 1. Currently this program is only for senior level executives who have achieved some recognition in the organization already through their hard work and capability. Boral can initiate such a program for middle and lower level managers and employees as well, so that they can develop technical, conceptual and social skills appropriate for their managerial level. 2. Boral can also take input from participants in order to make this program even more successful. Suggestions can be rated according to their impact on program and originality and the best one can then be incorporated into the executive development program. 3. Technology can be used to facilitate distance learning. Currently participants are expected to gather at a common place and take classes where it is convenient for all. If the scope of this program is extended then it will be beneficial to use video conferencing and other such tools to allow employees in remote locations to benefit from such a program. 4. In order to support ongoing learning in the workplace, Boral should seek assistance from higher institutions for vocational education and with universities. 5. Boral HRD practitioners should participate in professional associations and form networks with HRD practitioners of other organizations in order to keep themselves updated with respect to changing workforce development needs. 1 Introduction Learning has become, and will remain, an important issue for humans, as more and more nations now look towards evolving into "learning societies". Work organizations are becoming important

Organization Analysis Paper Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Organization Analysis Paper - Essay Example This item comprises the personnel expenses and other costs of administration, as well as the cost of external services that are not allocated internally to other functions" (Nivea Home Page 2008). a. Policy making and allocation of financial resources are determined with much thought to the broader vision of the community and its needs. Nivea strategic planning is an effective link between a number of traditional planning processes and budgeting. Similar to other cosmetics companies, Nivea has a comprehensive plan focusing on a ten- to fifteen-year horizon and emphasizing the development of the company. Budget processes tend to allocate resources on a basis of one to three years (Kemp and Dunbar 2003). Capital improvement plans tend to focus on five-year time frames. A strategic plan, like any planning process, describes future action but is not time-dependent. Some strategic issues are critical today and must be dealt with immediately (Rachlin, 1998). Strategic planning and budgeting reflect mission statement of the company and its strategic goals. The consumer business strategy is determined as "passion for success" (Nivea Home Page 2008). In order to fulfill its promises, Nivea relies on superior brand, superior supply chain, has clear Geographical Focus and superior talent in Lean Organization. Nivea's mission formulation determines the competitive arena in which an organization operates, how resources are to be allocated, and the appropriate size of the organization. Mission also focuses the direction of the organization and helps determine its driving forces (Rachlin, 1998). The mission statement defines the overall organizational purpose and driving force(s). It should be developed by top management and, if formulated correctly, it can have surprising consequences for later strategies. "We want to continuously increase our world market share. We will achieve this by consistent growth from within and by targeted acquisitions in line with our strategy" (Nivea Home Page 2009). The role of the senior financial officer is to ensure effective allocation of resources and financial spending. For instance, in 2004 budget department changed its mission from "controlling financial expectations" to "achieving excellence in financial and budgetary management." Respect for the organization increased dramatically and employee morale skyrocketed. Missions like these provide a statement to insiders and outsiders about what the organization stands for--its image, values, and character. For Nivea, strategy is the framework which guides those choices that determine the nature and direction of an organization. Thus, without careful budgeting planning the company would not be able to expend and invest in other activities (Garrison et al 2004). Tactical goals are the heart of budgeting. It is the process that answers the "what" questions that an organization must answer in order to carry out its mission (Kemp and Dunbar 2003). Strategy development seems to be the most difficu lt part of the budgeting planning process to accomplish in the cosmetic sector. Much budgeting strategy development is aimed at combating efforts or anticipated movements of competitors. The role and task of the financial officer is to control and manage financial spending and investments in accordance with goals and strategies

Gun control Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 3

Gun control - Research Paper Example This paper will argue in favor of right to bear arms. Citizens should be allowed to bear arms because it leads to decrease in criminal activity, it can help in avoiding mass shooting events and will provide citizens to secure themselves from the threat of experiencing losses. Body Those who argue in favor of strict laws tend to defend their stance by stating that there is a positive relationship between the number of arms owned by the citizens of a nation and the number of gun related criminal activity. In another assertion, it can be said that the number of criminals can increase if they will be psychologically be consider themselves as much powerful over others. As per the lawful clauses of bearing a gun, it is important to make use of gun for self-defense following the clauses i.e. to shoot on the leg of the criminal or making use of it to warn at the first place. By bearing arms, it might be a common behavior to make use of it without following the clauses. ... Secondly it is not necessary that the criminal activity that is being conducted with the use of guns is performed while using legally obtained guns. If citizens are allowed to bear arms, they can help in reducing criminal activity taking place in a particular region. Lott states that right to bear arms help innocent, law abiding citizens to defend themselves from the criminals and he figured out that if one extra female is allowed to carry a gun, the probability of her getting killed decreases by more than 3 times (Lott 1). Statistics quoted by Lott in his research clearly indicate that right to bear arms allows law abiding citizens to protect themselves from the threat of being killed. By discussing the opposing view regarding bearing of arms, it can be well stated that by prohibiting the citizens from bearing the arms does not justify the possibility of completed eradication of criminal activities. There are many ways in which criminal activities are recorded without using guns. Cr iminals can be violent to the level that they can beat a person to death. There are no statistical base on which it can be proven that the countries where bearing arms is prohibited have actually been able to decrease the number of criminal cases. In addition, if criminals will get to know that their actions will be resisted by a person holding proper tool for self-defense then it is more likely that they will avoid committing crime because of the fear of being caught. Another reason due to which opponents of right bear arms promote strict gun laws because they believe that criminals are not rationale decision makers and once they decide to commit crime, they will do so without thinking about it for the second time. They

ACCOR Group's Expansion Strategy Research Paper

ACCOR Group's Expansion Strategy - Research Paper Example 8,121 + 6.8 EBITDAR 2,321 11.4 EBITDAR margin 28.6% 1.2 Operating profit Before tax 907 24.8 The growth rates for the company in revenues for year 2007 were as per the following: Revenues + 6.5% Expansion + 4.3% Impacts of the currency (decline of dollar against Euro) - 2.7% Disposals - 1.3% Growth rate + 6.8% Analysis Amnt In m 9000 - 8000 -7000 - 6000 - - 5000 - 4000 - 3000 - 2000 - 1000 - Revenue EBITDAR Profit (before tax) Graph of the two financial statements; Revenue, EBITDAR, profit (before tax) Year 2004 Year 2007 11 -10 - 9.0 - 8.0 -7.0 - 6.0 - - % 5.0 - 4.0 - 3.0 - 2.0 - 1.0 - Revenue EBITDAR Profit (before tax) Graph of the two financial statements; Revenue (reported change), EBITDAR (reported change), profit before tax (reported change) Year 2004 Year 2007 i. Before implementation of the new strategies As per the above table, the company's profit before taxation amounted to 592 million which was13.2% for that year. In the same year, the company's consolidated revenues shot up by 4.3% which were the same as moving from 295 million to 7,123 million. Not including...While carrying out the research regarding ACCOR group of companies, importance of selecting the appropriate paradigm is emphasized. This includes the opinions on how to carry out the research as well as the necessary approach of data collection and analysis. The methods used to collect the appropriate data included a quantitative data collection approach: getting the relevant data from the company's management information systems where it has provided its financial reports before the implementation of the strategies and after this period. The collected data is then analyzed using tables and charts in order to draw conclusion on whether the strategies made any changes to the company. There is also analysis of the strategies used by two other major rivals of ACCOR group of companies which are used to corroborate the hypothesis to be deductive. Roy 1995As per the above table, the company's profit before taxation amounted to 592 million which was13.2% for that year. In the same year, the company's consolidated revenues shot up by 4.3% which were the same as moving from 295 million to 7,123 million. Not including the effects of transitions in scope of exchange rates and consolidation, the revenues went up by 4.6% for the same year as well as 5.1% in the fourth section of the year. This indicated the company's demand in the group's activities.

History of the Japanese-Californian internment camps and the social Research Paper

History of the Japanese-Californian internment camps and the social and psycological impact of internment - Research Paper Example Extensive research into the accounts of the forced relocation and internment will uncover a tragic shift to the Japanese Californian culture, their quest to assimilate and recover in a post WWII world and the legacy that remains today. Although the core of my research will be on the social impact that the relocation and internment had on the Japanese Californian psyche, I also plan on providing a historical foundation for the key events that led to the dramatic act of forced removal by the United States government. Starting with Executive Order 9066, I plan to discuss the formation of the Wartime Civilian Control Administration and War Relocation Authority, the planning and staging of the assembly centers and then life behind the fences of internment camps. This dramatic experience of internment caused Japanese Californians to be ashamed of their heritage, and left a deep and lingering scar that took two generations of recovery. Introduction The relocation and internment of Japanese- Americans during the World War II had a phenomenal impact on their identity, culture, and their American experience. The Second War provided Japanese Americans with a mixed experience; for many, who faced forcible relocation from their homes and businesses, it was a shocking experience. Wartime embedded a deep and shameful scar on the American conscience. During this period, Americans of Japanese ancestry underwent forced detention devoid of due process. The roots of the ensuing prejudice of Americans of Japanese ancestry can be traced to myths, stereotypes, and unfounded fears persistent within the society. The stereotypes and fears proliferating at the time combined with economic self-interest contributed to the rise in racial antipathy (CWRC 1997, p.27).1 This provided a rich ground for the growth of politics of prejudice and resultant discriminatory laws. This bred hostility towards Americans of Japanese descent, and failure in political leadership culminated in the relocation a nd internment of the Japanese Americans during wartime years. The rationale for the prejudicial policy hinged on military necessity (Lee 1998, p.405).2 The relocation and internment of Americans of Japanese ancestry was in essence racial discrimination, which resulted to emotional pain and suffering of the detainees. The severity of the relocation and internment was compounded by the fact that Americans of Japanese ancestry remained detained, while some of their sons were fighting in the military. The Japanese-Americans were fighting to defend the precise rights their families that were blatantly denied. The execution of the order was highly discriminative as espoused by the fact that there was no exclusionary order against citizens of either German or Italian ancestry, both of which were â€Å"enemies† during the war. Official actions against supposed enemy aliens of other nationalities exhibited high individualization and selectiveness compared to those actions imposed on t he ethnic Japanese. The perceived disloyalty is disputable judging by the record number of Nisei soldiers who came back from the battle fields of Europe as the top, decorated and distinguished combat unit of World War II. The Context of Relocation and Internment Policy The exclusion and removal of ethnic Japanese

Leading Public Organizations - Public Administration Essay

Leading Public Organizations - Public Administration - Essay Example In addition, they may differ in their abilities to cope up with the unforeseen situations. This holds even more relevant for public administration in organizations. Hence, it requires a coordinating function to deal them effectively so that the out put production would be maximum in any firm. Among all the role players in public administration, leader is very significant one who initiates the process of thinking towards new ideas or innovations and accordingly fixes the responsibilities of various employees in different sections (Hickman, 2009). He also makes them aware about the objectives and goals of the organization and gives them timely targets. The main challenge for a leader in an organization is to manage the communication process to different individuals or groups of individuals who have diverse nature. At the same time, conflict management and ethical decision making also become very complex when leader initiates the process of dealing the individuals or groups of diverse n ature. Let us analyze them one by one. Communication process is one of the most important factors that decides the success of any public organization with employees of diverse nature (Ivancevich, 2009). Leadership in public sector faces a big challenge in the form of large size of groups of individuals of diverse nature and hence their employee coordination is a tough task. The individuals or groups of individuals differ significantly in their critical thinking nature and perception about the decisions of the organization and hence clarity in communication is must for the higher coherence among the employees and the leaders may concentrate on easy way of dissemination of information using the latest technology. The employees must feel that they are integral part of the organization for getting optimum results, this can happen only when they are informed about the objectives and work plan of the organization. If a leader uses any single mode of communication, the employees may not be able to perceive it in same manner. Hence it is necessary to identify the right mode and time of communication process according to the nature of the individuals or groups. The effective communication process once implemented in public administration in organizations with special emphasis on crisis management communication, there is a vast scope for critical thinking and skill development among the employees of diverse nature (Shockley-Zalabak, 2005). There are different ways of communication process that can be well utilized to inform about the present status and future requirements of the organization. The advent of information technology is of immense help in dissemination of information to the employees of different tiers. In some studies, it was found that the use of a Computer-mediated Communication (CMC) system in-group conflict management has become a reasonable success (Hampden-Turner, Charles and Fons Trompenaars. 2000). The group working relations coding system (GWRCS) w as found to be useful to examine group interaction patterns that characterize the conflict management process. It was also noticed that an intellective task conflict can be well managed by a high confrontiveness where as cognitive task conflict requires a moderate confrontiveness strategy. Similarly, effective team building also promotes the communication pro

Porters Five Forces Model of Mr. Empanada Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Porters Five Forces Model of Mr. Empanada - Essay Example The restaurant s are restricted in the manner in which they acquire their raw materials. They cannot look for cheaper alternatives and this may affect the way they compete with other players in the market. The fact that the franchisee can only use the products provided by the affiliates makes it hard to differentiate their products in order to meet the diverse customers’ needs. They are thus restricted to the segment of customers that they serve. The franchisee also have a joint advertisement with the affiliates. This has increased the cost of production for the restaurants. Another force that may affect the company is the labor force. Currently, the company is led by family members and this has minimized power struggles. However, as the company grows and there is need to expand the workforce, this will come with challenges from the workers such as increased wages. The company will then have to deal with issues of drafting fair salary and remuneration package for her workers a t the different

Find a Frame Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Find a Frame - Essay Example In the last few days, people from around the country gathered in SANFORD city like migrant birds to witness the verdict. Although, the majority believed Zimmerman was guilty and were expecting a justice through his prosecution, they were also aware of the lack of evidences in the case that could be sufficient to prove that Zimmerman was guilty. So, after the verdict was announced, the protesters outside the courtyard were stunned in silence but were not surprised. Since then, several protest march and rallies are being held all around the country including the New York City. Known figures from different backgrounds in the country are coming up with their reactions including the president of United States, Barack Obama. The president of NAACP, Benjamin Todd Jealous have started a petition appealing for Federal charges. The five week trial of Zimmerman was held in Florida, the same city where Trayvon was killed. More than 50 witnesses were testified during the trial and every moment of the final day was nationally televised and reported by media. Under Florida law, jurors were asked to decide whether Zimmerman had justified reasons to use the deadly force in a circumstance that could bring him death or other heavy bodily harm. With the lack of proper evidences and poor deliveries of the witnesses, Zimmerman was acquitted from the charge based on the ground of self defense in extreme situation. Over the three weeks of testimony jurors received several conflicting evidences that caused the case drawing everyone’s concern towards it. On the rainy night of February 2012, Zimmerman spotted Martin approaching toward his townhouse when Zimmerman did not recognize him and started following him despite his neighboring officers’ advice to stay in his vehicle and that they were coming. There was a physical clash between the two and the fight ended with Zimmerman shooting a bullet through Martin’s heart who was visiting the place of his father’s f iancee coming from Florida (Ford, 2013; Alcindor, 2013; Schneider, 2013). About the Media outlets In measuring the perceptions of media bias in the final series of poll, Associate press is perceived as being tilted to the left while reporting the news. Sonoma State University in their new study reveals that a widespread bias is observed in their news reports, which reflects favor towards the US government positions. The associated press is a cooperative news wire service, which is non profit in nature. The AP has worldwide 242 bureaus with its 3700 employees. It delivers reports 24 hours a day in 5 languages including English, Dutch, German, French and Spanish and in 121 countries. AP reaches over a billion people everyday via print, radio or television. AP is an institutionalized bureaucracy, which is massive and shares news stories to almost every radio/TV station and newspapers in the United States. Because of their huge size the down to top control of a single news story is impo ssible practically. However several researches clearly imply a built-in bias of the Associate Press for the US government officials. These biases are absorbed by American people and they make their political decisions standing on the skewed understanding of politics. The democracy might face a dismal future if the media systems do not provide critical, fair and accurate reporting (Phillips, 2006). The Democrat perceptions regarding the CNN news outlet is high while the Republican perception about them

Robert Frost Essay Example for Free

Robert Frost Essay Robert Frosts themes repeat themselves in many of his works. He frequently attributes mans relationship with the universe and alienation, nature, and death. Frost tended to use more than one of these themes in a single poem. Robert Frosts outlook on life and his own personal experiences greatly influenced his writings. This shows the dark shadow that he lived in after many family tragedies, the death of his father, wife, and first child, followed by the suicide of his son and the mental illnesses of his daughter and his sister, which they were later institutionalized for. Robert Frosts themes influenced many writers by his use of theme and emotion in his work. Frosts themes have changed the ways by influencing authors to write about their feelings, dreams, and what they see in a whole new way; even today many authors looks to Robert Frosts works for inspiration. Another theme of Frosts is nature. He describes the surroundings with vivid details, allowing the readers to imagine the scenes placed before them. In one of his most famous poems, Stopping by the Woods on a Snowy Evening, Frost greatly describes the experience so that the sensation presented is perceived accurately. A writer quotes, This poem illustrates many of the qualities most characteristic to Frost; including the attention to natural detail, the relationship between human and nature, and the strong theme suggested by individual lines(Napierkowski 1). Frost says, My little horse must think its queer to stop without a farmhouse near between the woods and frozen lake the darkest evening of the year(Frost 7). This line infers that its a cold night, but he still has time to stop in a secluded field to appreciate the beauty of the natural scene. In this poem he also says, †¦The only other sounds the sweep of easy wind and downy flake the woods are lovely, dark, and deep, but I have promises to keep.. (Frost 11). Here Frost is commenting on how peaceful it is in the field, but expressing how he has no desire to enter the woods, for he still has things he must do. Gerber comments saying, .. looks upon a traveler mesmerized by the black trees yet unwilling to enter. this time with promises to keep, the traveler has a ready rationalization for withstanding the bait(Gerber 10). There is a similar scene in, Desert Places, that talks of the mystery of the snow. Snow falling fast, oh, fast in a field I looked into going past, and the ground almost covered smooth in snow, but a few weeds and stubble showing last(Frost 1). Here the traveler exhibits that he has no time to stop in the field, but he notices the weeds that have yet to be completely covered. Frosts use of detail when describing theme theme of nature is very potent in his writing, it allows a clear scene to be viewed and he deserves ample credit for his impeccable creations.

Development And Implementation Of Special Economic Zones Economics Essay

Development And Implementation Of Special Economic Zones Economics Essay A Special Economic Zone (SEZ) is a geographical region that has different economic and other laws and is more free market oriented in comparison to a countries established laws. India first passed the Special Economic Zone Act in the year 2005.This paper discusses the advantages and disadvantages of a Special Economic Zone and how it benefits Foreign Direct Investors and the scope of Project Development in India in a Special Economic Zone. There are various factors affecting the project development of a Special Economic Zone in India which will be discussed in depth. The main focus of the research is to develop a project development for a business in a Special Economic Zone in India. Statement of Research Question: According to me the statement of Research Question will be the Analysis of the facts from the past and from the present scenario in the Special Economic Zone developments and ascertain the future of the development of Special Economic Zones in the hosting country. Also, I will concentrate on presenting a real life example on understanding about developing and implementing in the Special Economic Zone. Theoretical Rationale: India is right now a fast growing economy and the Special Economic Zone play a major role in flourishing it. Special Economic Zones has led to increase in Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) by foreign investors in the form of International Business or Multinational Corporation (MNC). The Government of India has been active in the development of the Special Economic Zone by formulating polices, reviewing them regularly and have safeguarded that ample facilities are provided to the developers of Special Economic Zones and also to the companies setting up themselves in the Special Economic Zones in India. Special Economic Zones in India are created by the Government of India. The Special Economic Zones in India are run by Government-Private or solely Private ownership. They provide special provisions to develop the industrial growth in that area. The first Special Economic Zone was launched in 1965 in Kandla, Gujarat. There are various incentives and facilities provided to the units in the Special Economic Zones including Foreign Investment, Duty free import, Domestic procurement of goods for development, exemption of various taxes, exemption from customs/excise duties, operation and maintenance of the Special Economic Zones. Since the Special Economic Zones provide a lot of add-ons for investors it acts as a very eye catching zone to develop a business but, there are a lot of challenges that are to be faced by them. Also, the Special Economic Zone attracts the Foreign Investors due to the exemption of customs or excise duties, taxes and the like creates some added challenges that are to be faced by the Foreign Investors. The Foreign Investors face cultural, political and legal challenges in a different land. Developing the Special Economic Zone also benefits the country. It creates employment for a huge population improving the employment rate in the country and thereby, reducing poverty. The Foreign Direct Investment (FDI) that comes into the country generates flow of money in the country. John dunning provided a framework approach namely Ownership, location and internationalization (OLI Framework). Marco Neuhaus (2006) states that the framework points out some advantages of ownership one enterprise may come across by doing business overseas. The location suitability for the firm is also evaluated using this framework. This might help the decision of an enterprise to venture overseas for the business or not. Thirdly, the concept of internationalization is addressed by the OLI frame work which can help an enterprise in setting up an operations plan. Using the OLI framework, a multinational enterprise (MNE) would be able to assess the feasibility of setting up the business. I would like to formulate a Project Development of a Special Economic Zone (SEZ) in India. I would like to analyze the various challenges that are faced by a business that want to enter the Special Economic Zone. The Implementation Of The Research Project For Organisation: The organization that I would like to study in relation to my topic of research is Ireo. I would base my research on the Special Economic Zones in the context of developing a Special Economic Zone in India. Ireo in JV partnership with Panchshil Realtors (pune) has developed Indias first IT Special Economic Zone (SEZ), EON Free Zone at Kharadi, Pune, India. Ireo is the first Private Equity Fund dedicated to the Indian real estate sector with a fund size of US $2 billion with the backing of global blue chip investors and financial institutions. They have emerged as a major pan-India developer equipped with financial strength to fully leverage available opportunities in this sector. Since establishing their presence in 2004, they have evolved into a fully integrated real estate organization that is both the financer and developer of its projects. The company has a pan-India footprint of projects in prime locations across NCR (including Gurgaon), Haryana, Punjab, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra under various stages of developments and implementation. Combining the best of Indian and international resources, their team consists of accomplished Indian and expatriate professionals from diverse backgrounds to lead initiatives and to deliver best in class products and services to their customers. Preliminary Literature Review: The literature review was compiled using library search and electronic resources. Since the Special Economic Zone concept is relatively new in India, There are considerably less number of journals and e-books in this field. A few of those resources and publications were reviewed for this preliminary literature review. Special economic zone Act is a program introduced by the state for the development of the country. It has been initiated by the Indian government to create a free market economy and free trade among nations, abolition of national boundaries and dismantling the nation state system giving priority to Market over the state. (Partha Mukhopadhyay; Jan 2008) Special economic zone is a geographic region that has economic laws more progressive than that of the countries typical economic laws. These zones are known by different names in different parts of the world like free trade zone(FTS), bonded free zones(BFZ) , industrial free zone (IFZ) and Export processing zone.( Jona Aravind Dohrmann;January 2006) Export processing zones is an ancestor of special economic zone. The main purpose is to attract industries which are export oriented by offering them favourable investment and trade condition as compared to the rest of the country. The UN industrial development organization (UNID) identifies five attributes of export processing zone they are 1) Dominated by market mechanism. 2) Restricted to a limited region. 3) Specialize in production of export goods and offer special encouragement for such productions. 4) The primary goal is employment generation, foreign investments and foreign exchange. 5) The Secondary goal is technology transfer, developmental linkages and regional development. The Free trade zone policy in 2000 was re launched by the Bharathiya janatha party (BJP). The name was changed from export processing zone to special economic zone. The policies purpose was to make SEZ an engine for economic growth supported by quality infrastructure complimented by an attractive fiscal package both at the central and state level with minimum possible regulations.( Jermy Grasset and Frederic Lady;January 2007) The features of SEZ scheme are No license required for import. Manufacturing or service activities allowed. SEZ units to be positive net foreign exchange earner within 3 years. Domestic sales subject to full custom duty and import policy in force. Full freedom for sub-contracting. No routine examination by custom authorities of export or import cargo. The UPA government enacted the special economic zone act 2005 which was passed in june 2005 and came into force on 10th feb 2006 with the notification of the SEZ rule in 2006. Three categories of SEZ Multi product SEZ Sector specific SEZ Free trade and warehousing zone The first category signifies the manufacturing of services of two or more goods in a sector or goods or services falling in two or more sectors. Contiguous area of 100 hectares or more is required. The second sector is meant exclusively for one or more products or services. This includes biotechnology, gems and jewellery, non conventional energy, hardware and software and electronics. Minimum area requirement of 100 hectares of contiguous and vacant land is required. The third sector the minimum area requirement is 40 hectares of contiguous or vacant land and the built up area should not be less than 10 hectares. 154 SEZ were notified under SEZ act 2005. IT sector has the maximum number. Many issues have been brought up in relation to SEZ in India the main being Locating land. Relaxation of labor laws Usage of water Farmers are protesting against for acquisition of land this leads to destructions of employment of peasants whose land is acquired and provide very little employment opportunity to highly skilled and educated individuals and the totally net employment generated may well be negative. In many cases valuable land has been given away at concessional prices. To conclude the implications of SEZ may cause increasing socio political crisis due to the complexity of the society. In order to avoid polarization of the society, civil society should engage to create a consensus on developmental issues. Hypothesis to be tested: Feasibility of special economic zones after 10-15 years. Availability of land in the future. Data Sources and the Justification for the Choice: Choice of data sources forms the most integral part of any good research. I would use the Peer reviewed Journal articles, articles from Business magazines, Newspapers, reports. Journals like Journal of Business Research, Journal of International Business Studies, Indian Journal of Economics and Business. Magazines such as Business World, Business Today, The Business Magazine, Forbes, Business Week etc. and newspapers like the Financial Times, The Economic Times, The Economists etc. Peer reviewed Journals, Magazines and newspaper form the most trusted source of information and is also available on the internet. Books are the first choice for trusted information. Use of the Aston library and e-library is the place to get these sources of information. Research Design: A Research Design is the plan for a study, guiding data collection and analysis. A Research Design helps the study to locate the problem and to follow economical procedures. The Research Design for my study will be as follows: Define Terms Background information of the topic of research Locate the problem Create priorities I will follow 2 main types of Research and they are Secondary Research and Qualitative Research techniques. The data that is already written or published by someone else for their purpose of study is classified as Secondary Research. Qualitative Research Techniques consists of Interviews, Focus Groups, and Questionnaire etc. Methodology to be employed: In doing this research I will use Primary Data and Secondary Data. As said earlier, Primary data will involve qualitative techniques such as Interviews, Focus groups, Questionnaire etc. For primary data collection I will choose a real life example of a firm entered the Special Economic Zone, as mentioned earlier Ireo. I will do research on how did the organization setup a Special Economic Zone. Since, the organization is a foreign company entering the Indian market I can gain first-hand information from the firm regarding the challenges they faced while setting up a business in a different country. For this purpose I will Interview certain employees of the firm get information on the research survey conducted by them during the setting up phase.   As far as the secondary data collection is concerned I will use Academic books, journal articles, Magazines articles and Newspapers. After putting through the data collected from both the sources i.e. secondary and primary I can get a clear picture of the past and the current scenario of the development of Special Economic Zones. Then I can answer questions of Hypothesis to be tested. Ethical Considerations: The research will comply with research ethics in terms of: Accurate transcription of data and findings Objectivity as a researcher Compliance with the principles of not harming anyone as a result of this research Compliance with Aston Business School rules on plagiarism Not obtaining information through illegal or restricted procedures Compliance with the respect of copyrights reserved for journals and published

Difficult To Define Identity Sociology Essay

Difficult To Define Identity Sociology Essay For all assignments of 1,000 words or more handed in after the due date and without an agreed extension, a five percent penalty applies for the first day of the missed deadline. After that, a subsequent penalty of 2% per day will be applied for the next thirteen calendar days after the due date (including Saturdays and Sundays). No assignment can be accepted after more than fourteen calendar days except in exceptional circumstances and in consultation with your lecturer or tutor. If students face a significant illness or serious issue, it may be that  Special Consideration  is warranted. If an extension of work is granted this must be specified with the signature of the lecturer or tutor. 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If you wish to seek access to your personal information or inquire about the handling of your personal information, please contact the University Privacy Officer on 9905 6011. Students Statement: I have read the universitys statement on cheating and plagiarism, as described in the Student Resource Guide (refer http://www.monash.edu.au/au/pubs/handbooks/srg/srg-119.html) This assignment is original and has not previously submitted as part of another unit/subject/course, I have taken proper care of safeguarding this work and made all reasonable effort to ensure it could not be copied, I acknowledge that the assessor of this assignment may for the purposes of assessment, reproduce the assignment and: Provide to another member of faculty; and/or Communicate it to the universitys plagiarism checking service (which may then retain a copy of the assignment on its database for the purpose of future plagiarism checking). I understand the consequences for engaging in plagiarism as described in University Statute 4.1. Part III Academic Misconduct (refer http://www.monash.edu.au/pubs/calendar/statutes/statutes04.html#Heading110) I certify that I have not plagiarised the work of others or participated in unauthorised collusion when preparing this assignment. Signature: Sophie Boinnard Date 21-10-2011 Question 6: Discuss why is it difficult to define identity? The best way to characterize identity may be to see it as a multi-dimensional space in which a variety of writing blend and clash (Sarup, 1996, p.25). Approaches to identity are multiple and from various fields such as sociology, psychology and psychoanalysis. This vast array of theories offer as many different attributes and definitions to identity which prevent the construction of a simple definition. I will argue that identity cannot be reduced to a simple and unified definition. This is most evident by understanding and analyzing the broad differences and interconnectedness between the major theories on identity, such as psychoanalysis, symbolic interactionism and performativity, which all have something to offer, each focusing more on the aspects that are relevant for their field of study. The wish to define identity can be traced back to the Enlightenment philosophy in Europe, when humanism and the quest to find who we are and how we should behave as rational and free beings (Mansfield, 2000, p.15). Identity was then studied as a philosophical construct, and the theories, influenced by Descartes and his notion of duality of the human mind between an emotional self and a rational thoughts as constituting our identity, led to believe the subject as being I think therefore I am (Sarup, 1996, p.46). This Cartesian approach considering the self as unified stayed the main view for many years. However we now live in a post-Cartesian world, and the development of fields such as psychoanalysis, sociology and social psychology led to a shift in the way to look at identity, by decentralizing the subject (Sarup, 1996, p.46) to take into account different evolution of society and the complexity of human beings. With the development of psychoanalysis, initiated by the researches and theories of Sigmund Freud, the approach to the study of identity changed focus and meaning. Freud believed that most of our identity is based upon the result of the negotiation of actions and reactions between the individual and the external environment (Elliott, 2007, p.53), such as the family, culture and society. According to him, we are not born with an identity, but we construct one through the process of identification. This is especially true in the early ages of your life when you learn what is acceptable according to social criteria and what has to be prevented, which is then repressed according to Freud into the unconscious; the Oedipus complex is a good example of structuring the subject in terms of identification (Sarup, 1996, p.30). It is the result of these interactions which will define who we are. It is important then to notice that for Freud ones identity construction is mostly unconscious and re sides within oneself (Lawler, 2008, p.78); the focus is, as such, placed on the individual and his capacity to adapt and positively interact with the world. Following psychoanalytic traditions, academics such as Eissler theorized the sense of identity as being based on memory elements which in turn depend on the capacity of the ego to consider these memories as its own, and be then able to either repress or integrate them successfully (De Levita, 1965, p.106). Stephanie Lawler, also on memory, argues that identity is not something fundamental and essential, but something produced through the narratives people use to explain and understand their lives (Lawler, 2008, p.17). As such they use their memories to interpret their lives, and at the same time these memories are already interpretations of a past experience: memories themselves are social products. What psychoanalysis can bring to the study of identity is that it gives a way to consider the place of unconscious and non-rational elements of identity (Lawler, 2008, p.83) which are psychoanalytic elements that are necessary to understand the construction of identity but which are often denied by theorists exploring social dynamics impacts (Sarup, 1996, p.39). Furthermore, by placing the unconscious and ideas of repression at the centre of his model of identity, Freud shows that we can only know ourselves incompletely and with difficulty, rendering identity blurred and unfinished (Lawler, 2008, p.99). However, by concentrating so much on the selfs experience of identity, this approach might lack depth in understanding the impact of some social forces such as inequality, oppression and domination (Elliott, 2007, p.70). Another approach that developed around that time but in the sociological field, is the theory known as symbolic interactionism. Largely influenced by Meads theory, it gives less importance to the individual than psychoanalysis and in contrary concentrates on the effects of interactions between the social reality and an individual. In fact, Mead believes that a subjective self is fashioned and shaped by the cooperative interaction with the world and others. It is indeed through the use of symbols which meanings we learn and understand thanks to experiences, to languages, values and culture and according to our surrounding environment that we are constructing our identities (Elliott, 2007, p.32). In other words, according to Mead, we make sense of ourselves only by the time we make sense of the world and others around us, by developing a sense of difference and recognition through symbols such as language. As such, it is necessary to distinguish between the I, representing the intern al needs, feelings, whishes and the me, representing the socialized self, which appears in reaction to what we see around us (Carriera Da Silva, 2007, pp.51-59): it is the consciousness of ourselves we develop in reaction to developing a sense of others, a differentiation from them. Something common with psychoanalysis is the importance of childhood in development of the sense of self, as Mead believes in the importance of the processes of play and game in becoming a healthy mind which can interact with others and society (Carriera Da Silva, 2007, pp.48-51). However Strauss, who on that aspect shares symbolic interactionists view, rejects the idea that the self is determined only through early childhood, and would then be static, and in contrary argues about a theory of adult identity change (Musolf, 2003, p. 167) showing that we are flexible beings, and are continuously socialized into new identities (Musolf, 2003, pp. 77, 170). Finally, Strausss theory incorporates the structural influences on social behaviors that he believes are neglected in the basic theory. Language is very important, with for example our names being the first act of self-introduction and as such functions as a social object by which others may initially typify us (Musolf, 2003, pp. 164-16 5). However, symbolic interactionism has been accused of being too rationalistic, cognitive and conscious, and indeed seems to have little recognition of the relation between desire, wishes, fantasies and social control that is argued in psychoanalysis (Elliott, 2007, p.35). Later on, approaches started to focus more on how identity functioned to try and explain what it is. This is the case of Anthony Goffman who, departing from symbolic interactionism, believes in the strategic performativity of the self in everyday life as constituting different identities for ourselves where the social sphere therefore represents a stage where we have to act an identity (Lawler, 2008, p104). Our self is reflected to the world as a faà §ade, and the individual is the creative and reflective agent who decides and in doing so constitutes self identity on how to carry out such roles as well as the staging of role performances (Elliott, 2007, p. 38). We therefore have a set of identities for which we know how to perform and what expectations people have of them, and we are constantly constraint to be on display and perform, as well as adding roles to adapt to every situation (Musolf, 2003, p. 164). Taking further Goffmans performativity, Mills argues that the performing self appeared as a result of the structural transformation of society into a bureaucratic consumerist one, and that it leads to the disappearing of real bonds in society replaced by a cash nexus as the only uniting element (Musolf, 2003, pp. 164, 172). Goffman takes some distance from symbolic interactionism however as he focuses on interactions and as such gives no importance to the difference between the I and the me; this leads to questioning the presence of a real self existing outside such practices the real identity of the I, hiding behind the personae and roles people assume, but he seems to leave undeveloped this aspect of the theory, concentrating on studying the faà §ades we show and not the true identity we might have behind it (Hetherington, 1998, pp. 150-151). As such theorists like De Levita have interpreted that for Goffman, the roles we play do not hide anything comparable to what Jung would argue (1965, p.132). According to Jung, the persona regroups the totality of the roles which a certain individual fulfils and portrays to the world, a similar idea to Goffmans performance but their ideas shift as for defining the place of identity in this schema. Indeed it is explicit for Jung that the persona only is a shield for our true identity (De Levita, 1965, p.132) which is not so clear for Goffman. In contrary, he argues that the roles/performances are what make us persons; we are constantly acting, but what those roles add up to is our identity (Lawler, 2008, p.106). Take a lecturer for example; he will act differently while teaching in classes than how he is with his friends over lunch, and even differently than how he will act with his children in the evening. It doesnt mean that he is someone else more true outside of these contexts, or that he is fraudulent about his identity, but that all these roles represent who he is. Today, with the increasing influence of the media as a social force, Goffmans theory might be more adapted than ever as these media perpetuate performance demands. Indeed, as Altheide argues, our everyday life saturated by the media reshapes identity into another piece of merchandise that we shill just as advertising promotes corporate products with which we play as a toy (Altheide, 2000, pp. 13, 20). Another way of thinking about identity comes from Giddens theory of reflexivity and social change. Today according to Giddens, people are more self-aware, and therefore can make strategic decision for their future and about who they are or want to be (Giddens, 1991, p.35). Identity is not passive and has to be reflexively made from a multitude of often competing choices, and the settings of uncertainty and multiple choices render the notions of trust, risk and ontological security central to the reflexive self. Indeed, as Giddens puts it, trust is at the origin of the experience of a stable external world and a coherent sense of self-identity (Giddens, 1991, p.51). His concept considers how in late modernity humans develop a psychological self and re-focus on their identity, to try and reflect on a sense of self, helped by the many experts, information and advices, largely psychological and sociological (Elliott, 2007, p.45), which are now available about how we should live our lives , such as self-help books or TV shows like Dr Phil which reminds of what Rose calls the psy complex (Rose, 1999). Therefore our identity becomes what we believe or interpret ourselves to be and how we want to shape ourselves. His way of characterizing individuals as being almost self-mastering leads to many critics, considering his theory as too individualistic (Elliott, 2007, pp.48-49). Giddens is critical of overly pessimistic accounts of the post-modern self as fragmented (Heaphy, 2007, p.94). Instead for Giddens, individuals actively participate in forging their self-identities and in doing so contribute to social life in a way that has global implications. Giddens analysis begins with the premise that all human beings possess an awareness of what they are doing and why they are doing so, and they monitor themselves in producing and reproducing social conventions (Heaphy, 2007, pp.95, 119). The problem with this approach is that Giddens fails to take into account power relations and the possible lack of choice or the different consequences of choices. As Lash indeed argues, contradiction and contingency, he suggests, are far more characteristic of the contemporary self than Giddens theory of reflexivity will allow and he therefore counsels to use Foucaults insights on power and control where reflexivitys shows limitation (in Heaphy, 2007, pp.112-113). To have a greater account of power relation in the creation of identity, one should turn to Foucault and Foucauldian theorists. Foucaults argument is that particular kinds of identity are made up within relations of power/knowledge (Lawler, 2008, p.55). To put it simply, he argues that how we are is an effect of what we know ourselves to be, or in other words, we are addressed, and address ourselves as certain kind of person, and through this process we become that person. Lawler gives the example of the subjectivation of sexuality, showing that we dont understand sexual preference as something we do but as something we are (2008, p.59). Subjectivation is therefore the idea of becoming subjects by gaining specific identities (Lawler, 2008, p.62). Foucauldian scholars follow his theory and have argued that society is governed through self-surveillance, initiated by social institutions, to encourage individuals to actively condition and shape themselves according to social norms (Heapy , 2007, pp.33-34). Another important element is the idea that we are not regulated by the media but regulating ourselves with it, using different means such as counseling or self help books, because of our strive to be a certain type of person in order to be normal, healthy, self-fulfilled (Lawler, 2008, p.63) which relates to theories previously discussed. According to Rose, the language of psychology provides an important way of constructing ones identity, of identifying ones deepest thoughts, wishes and conflicts (Rose, 1999). However one of the critic against Foucaults ideas relates to the lack of insight into why people make subjectivation investments in some forms of self-understands and not in others, or also how such understandings come to constitute the self (Lawler, 2008, p.76). As we have seen through these renowned examples of how to frame identity, there are many approaches to the study of identity, which define or characterize it in different ways, blurring the possibility to give a simple unified definition. Identity is not a thing but a process in constant change of shape and meaning, and that is why it is difficult to grasp it. Because identity is a broad and nebulous concept, it is complex and multiple, and can mean different things depending on your purposes of research and approach. Some of these theories concentrate on how to see the individual from societys perspective, while some others study the positions of these individuals within the society, but what seems common to most of them is the idea that identity plays a role of mediator (Sarup, 1996, p.28) between the external and the internal, between the self and others. Reference list: Altheide, D. (2000). Identity and the Definition of the Situation in a Mass-Mediated Context. Symbolic Interaction, vol. 23 , pp.1-27. Carreira Da Silva, F. (2007). G. H. Mead: A critical introduction. Cambridge: Polity Press. De Levita, D. (1965). The Concept of Identity. Paris and The Hague: Mouton co. Elliott, A. (2007). Concepts of the self. Cambridge: Polity Press. Giddens, A. (1991). Modernity and Self-identity. Stanford: Stanford University Press. Heaphy, B. (2007). Late Modernity and Social Change. London and New York: Routledge. Hetherington, K. (1998). Expressions of Identity. London: Sage Publications. Lawler, S. (2008). Identity: Social Perspectives. Cambridge: Polity Press. Mansfield, N. (2000). Subjectivity: theories of self from Freud to Haraway, New York: New York University Press. Musolf, G. R. (2003). Structure and Agency in everyday life. Lanham: Rowman Littlefield Publishers. Rose, N. (1999). Obliged to be free in Governing the soul: the shaping of the private self, Second edition. London: Free Association Books. Sarup, M. (1996). Identity, Culture and the Postmodern world. Athenes: University of Georgia Press. Mark sheet Addressing the topic Excellent Very Good Good Fair Pass Poor Expression of the argument Engagement with relevant literature Use of relevant examples Originality and critical insight Range of concepts Integration of concepts Conforms to requirements of academic writing Punctuation, spelling, sentence structure, paragraphing In-text referencing

Philosophy of Money Essay -- Economics Science Papers

Philosophy of Money This article is an attempt to sketch a philosophical view of money as a social phenomenon. I show that the way to understand the substance of money is to analyze its meaning as a medium of exchange in connection with its meaning as a purpose of exchange, thereby providing an investigation of its social value. This approach has been used by many of the great philosophers and economists of the past, but not today. Modern economics is a policy oriented theoretical discipline and concentrates its efforts on solving practical tasks. I hope to contribute a philosophical approach to economic research. Money is a reality, a permanent feature of our everyday lives. It gives our lives a particular rhythm, a particular  «charm », a particular perception of the world and our place in it. Money creates problems when we do not have it, and yet more problems when we do have it. But it is only an illusion that we are in control of our money: in actual fact we do not notice how subtly and intensively it exercises control over us. Money makes us both master and slave. Our power over money is real only inasmuch as we are able to understand its power over us. Man has sought to understand the essence of money for many centuries. Philosophers and economists, statesmen, writers, even poets have written about money. (1) Money has been lauded and cursed, it has been dreamed of and disdained. What is money - good or evil? It brings stability and instability and makes people looking for and running away from it. Money is capable of creating and destroying, of uniting and disuniting. It makes people partners and rivals and can influence the fate of individuals and whole nations. But what does money bring - freedom or depende... ... (13)  «The ideal purpose of money, as well as of the law, is to be a measure of things without being measured itself, a purpose that can be realized fully only by an endless development ». (G.Simmel. The Philosophy of Money/ Ed. by D.Frisby.- L., N.Y.: Routledge. 1995, p.511) (14)  «Exchange » is here treated in its broadest sense as the alienation of all that man gives to society and the appropriation of all that he receives from society. (15) G.Simmel. The Philosophy of Money./ Ed. By D.Frisby.- L.., N.Y.: Routledge, 1995 (16) We agree that fundamental theoretical research in economics cannot be effective without philosophy.  «What are the prospects for bridging disciplinary boundaries and for strengthening the collaboration between economists and philosophers? » (D.Hausman.Essays on philosophy and economic methodology.-Cambridge University Press.1992, p.230)

Educational Technology Essay -- Computers Schooling Essays

Educational Technology Education is probably the most important thing in life that someone can obtain. There are many levels of education. These levels begin at Kindergarten and Pre-K and continue on through grade school, junior high school, high school, and undergraduate colleges if so chosen. Then the possibility of graduate school is in the interest of some student and is required for better pay and even in some career fields. Education has undergone many changes over the past 2 decades at all levels. Many of the changes have undergone due to the increasing number of technological advancements in the ways teachers educate and the ways that students learn. The greatest technological achievement to enter the educational realm has been the creation of the PC. One of the first PC to be used in the classroom for educational purposes was introduced by Macintosh. The Apple computer, I can remember, was the first computer I used in grade school. On this PC, students were introduced to 2 dimensional computer programs designed to enhance the mind of students and introduced student to concepts that could be applied in the classroom. With the computer, a number of students could have a hands-on activity that was fun and designed to be fun while working on assignments. The floppy disk was black and was actually floppy. John Sculley wrote an article about computers and their effect on education. The article was publishe d in September of 1988 in T H E Journal (Technological Horizons In Education). The abstract read: â€Å"The effectiveness of computers in schools has been demonstrated, and business, government, and education must now work together to further the integration of technology and education. It is necessary to identify when a... ...ool. Dec. 2002 v42 i4 p4. WD & S Publishing Multimedia Schools. Helping them do it at Home. Mary Alice Anderson. March-April 2003. v10 i2 p19. Information Today, Inc. The Science Teacher. Field Trips online: Investigating water quality through the Internet. Bruce H. Munson. Jan. 2003. v70 i1 p44-49. Telephony. Going to school via Fiber. John Price. May 9, 1988 v214 n19 p28. Telephony Publishing Corp. 1988. T H E (Technological Horizons In Education) Journal. Applications: Online system speeds admissions process. Elizabeth Greengield. Nov.1990 v18 n4 p43. Information Synergy Inc. 1990. T H E (Technological Horizons In Education) Journal. CD-Rom: New Technology with promise for Education. Dennis F. Tanner. August 1988 v16 n1 p57. Information Synergy Inc. 1988 Picture Copywright: http://www.microchip.com/index.asp

To Kill a Mockingbird by Harper Lee - The Many Faces of Evil :: Free Essay Writer

The Many Faces of Evil in To Kill A Mockingbird "Our greatest evils flow from ourselves" (Tripp 192). This statement, by Rousseau, epitomizes many points of evil that are discussed in Harper Lee's novel, To Kill A Mockingbird. In our world, we constantly come face to face with evil. Evil presents itself in many forms, including prejudice, alcoholism, drug abuse, irresponsibility, and violence against others. The most prevalent faces of evil in To Kill A Mockingbird are prejudice, alcoholism, and gossip. Dispersed throughout To Kill A Mockingbird are numerous illustrations of racism. Statements such as "Your father's no better than the niggers and trash he works for" (Lee 108) are common throughout the entire novel. The use of racist statements such as these seemed to bother many people who were then driven to ban Lee's book from their schools. If we look back to the times when the book was written, we can understand the use of the word "nigger." During the early twentieth century, the word "nigger" was used as commonly as many people today use the word "black." The general public either didn't realize or didn't care about how demeaning the word "nigger" was. Eventually, some African-Americans became so used to hearing it that they no longer paid any attention to it. Atticus Finch, Scout's father, however, had a different way of thinking. Although Atticus was Caucasian, he realized that the word "nigger" was wrong to say. He did not use that word and he instructed his ch ildren not to use that word either. This courtesy did not catch on. People continued to refer to African-Americans as "niggers" and called anyone who was kind to "niggers" a "nigger-lover." Scout realized this and, as she matured, she came to understand how wrong the use of the word "nigger" actually was. Jean Louise, Scout, was subjected to more evil than racism. Robert Ewell, a violent alcoholic, attempted to murder Scout and Jem in a drunken rage. Mr. Ewell appeared in many places throughout the book, and it was his daughter, Mayella Ewell, who pressed false charges against Tom Robinson for the offense of rape and battery. Almost every time Ewell was mentioned, he was portrayed as either violent or totally inebriated. He used the welfare checks that he received, not to purchase food for the family, but to buy booze for his personal consumption.

“Horses of the Night” by Margaret Laurence Essay

-â€Å"I detested the fact that I was so young† -Chris creates his own fantasy world (ranch, racing horses etc.) He tries to sell magazines, vacuum cleaners even when he knows he won’t make it to university. He can’t face reality. Also, when there is conflict he ignores it and it seems like he doesn’t even notice it. He holds a fantasy in his mind that seems real to him -In Shallow Creek, when Vanessa sees the horses is when we are aware that Chris is living in a world of delusions. -Chris’ fantasy world is his only refuge from potential insanity because without it, he would have no hope for life -Vanessa worries that she is incapable of saying the right thing when they go camping and Chris talks about God and the Stars. â€Å"pretending to be asleep† (pg.22) -Chris doesn’t respond when his grandfather talks about him, he sets a barrier between his own world and reality. -His world consists of his horses, saddle, criss-cross, own ranch. He has control of everything in his world so it only applies to him -The line slowly, slowly horses of the night means Chris disappears into insanity and that he can’t see day and night. Means the night must move slow for Chris and â€Å"Whether he had discovered at last a way for himself to make the necessary dream perpetual† (pg.24) -Chris views God as ridiculous and brutal. He doesn’t believe in God. Vanessa doesn’t respond, so maybe she does believe in God and doesn’t want to tell Chris her views. The circumstances for their views might be the fact that Chris’ family lives in poverty while Vanessa is better off a little bit. Vanessa is scared of talking/saying the wrong things -It reveals that he had a mental breakdown and that he is lost in his fantasy world. He no longer lives in his own world (Chris’ letter) -Vanessa learns that the letter from Chris is the final thing that tells her he is lost and the letter confirmed why he did unrealistic things. She understands why he had a fantasy world. -excess of imagination harmful -he has control of his own fantasy world horses Duchess and Firefly. But in reality they are plough horses. -barrier between person and the real world when a person dreams too much -he communicates and plays with younger children because he has control and they make no judgements about him. -sells vacuum cleaners, magazines and knitting machines to university but he doesn’t have the marks to get in. -without his fantasy world he would have no hope for life. -Chris takes his life to escape the â€Å"absolute unbearability of battle†

Biology Questions Essay

Q Summarize the stairs of the scientific manner. Describe an essay of your choice, which demonstrates the prefatorial considerations that must be taken in the design of a good, manipulative try. at once that you know rough details of how scientists ferment problems, how might you apply that knowledge to your workaday life?A The scientific rule is one of the just ab come on if not the most important method that scientists use to mold about the earth. The goal is to apply the scientific method to determine a hit and effect relationship. The scientific method is make up of five detailed stairs, these steps areI. Make an observationA scientist sees something that he cannot explain, but is really implicated and would like to explain the phenomenon.II. Ask Questions later the observation is seen, the scientist comes up with a aggroup of questions such as who, what, where, why, and how. These questions significantly supporter the scientist narrow down the effects of the pheno menon.III. better a HypothesisA speculation is a proposition set frontwards as an explanation for the occurrence of some specified group of phenomena, both take a firm stand merely as a tentative conjecture to guide investigation or accepted as highly seeming in the light of established facts. This guesswork must have the ability to be either true, or false.IV. Make PredictionsIf the assumption is correct, scientists give make a fortune telling on how they think the experiment get out end. This helps them have a starting summit if the speculation is correct.V. Test the PredictionsExperimental tests may lead to the confirmation of the prediction, or to the decadence of a prediction. If the hypothesis is not correct, the scientific method requires that the hypothesis must be modified. The prediction must agree with the experiment to believe that it is a valid translation of nature.A great experiment that demonstrates the rudimentary considerations that must be taken in the design of a good, manipulative experiment is Galileos inclination of an orbit tower of Pisa experiment. Galileo had dickens balls of different masses, one heavy, and one light, and dropped them at the same time off of the leaning tower of Pisa. Galileo used the scientific method to make and prediction that their time of personal line of credit was independent of their mass. He found out that the objects fell at the same acceleration, proving hid hypothesis to be true, and also proving Aristotles theory of gravity to be false.I allow for apply the scientific method to my day-to-day life in some ways. When I see an interesting observation that I do not know of, I will now create a mini hypothesis that applies to the observation. I will then ask some questions as in what is it? Or how does it do that? and so forth I will then either research the task at hand, or create my own demonstration on the phenomenon. If my hypothesis does not agree with the conclusion, I will re ap ply a new hypothesis and begin again. I enjoy learning new nurture and think this will be very amusing.Q Describe the difference between anthropocentrism, biocentrism, and ecocentrism. secern which of these positions your take ups of the environment most closely come close. why?A anthropocentrism is the tendency that kind-hearted beings regarding themselves as the most significant entities in the universe. While Biocentrism is an ethical point of view that extends value to non- kind-hearted species. Ecocentrism is used to regard a nature-centered system of determine, as opposed to human and non-human centered.The position that I deem approximate to my view would be the Ecocentrism system of values. The lawsuit I chose Ecocentrism is because in my opinion, a nature-centered sustem of values is very safe and rewarding. Too many people are human-centered and except care about themselves in this gentlemans gentleman. The Anthropocentrism people are destroying our environment o n this planet by not pity about preserving this earth. If we are all nature-centered and do our best everyday to help uphold this earth, we can all change the world together and keep the air clean, the prime picked up, and the streets worry free for our future generation.

Child and adolescent health Essay

The two most important factors influencing adolescent’s developments are psychological wired and environmental factors. As they grow, they are influenced by environmental factors such as religion, culture, Schools and religion. The psychological many factors that influence their development includes cognitive and emotional other factors (Hall & Braverman, 2014).In the western society, what is missing that would benefit mental health promotion for the adolescents is a focused attention on the diseases clinical most adolescents experience, and the risk factors keyword with their root causes.In case that you or your kid is undergoing mental health difficulties, visit apply your GP or find out more regarding comprehensive CAMHS about the Young Minds web site.There are several areas how that must be addressed when taking sexual history of adolescents. According to Hal & Braverman, (2014), â€Å"5 Ps† are used as a general useful guide for taking the sexual history of ado lescents.Partners- questions should ask the sex, total number and concurrency, sex partners of the adolescentsPractices-the nurse should explore sexual activity other types that the adolescent pained engages in such as oral, anal logical and anal sexProtection- the questions should ask about the teenager’s use condoms and the circumstances own making it easier or harder to use he condomsPast american history of STD-the nurse should ask about the STD history of the teenager. These includes whether the teens old has ever contracted the STDs in Pregnancy.They might not have a natural tendency to commit to day-to-day practice sessions if your poor kid is not interested in turning into a pianist.

Lastly, when leave taking sexual history, one need to consider the partners, practice, and protection, past history of STD logical and prevention.ReferencesHall, C., & Braverman, P. K.Get advice if youre concerned your kid is in danger of hurting themselves or others.(2014). Hot topics in early adolescent health.Merrick, J. (2014).While the approach of the team is they operate in tandem.

adoptive Parents and guardians play a massive role in how our therapy.Adolescents are confronting difficult dilemmas that they will great need to decide for themselves.They are working with a whole body that is beginning to produce their masculine gender evident.Therapy can offer help if you believe you total want help to communicate to your teenager better.

Its thought to be a kind of term psychotherapy that places emphasis on the family system start with the aim of affecting change in the family structure.Behavior therapy is comparable.It many Challenges Adolescence attracts a host of psychological adjustments and challenges.Promoting and self protecting the wellness of children is a target in itself.

A Critique of 205 Easy Ways to Save the Earth

A pass judgment of 205 flourishing miens to merely the cosmos by doubting doubting doubting doubting Thomas Fried human race foreign personal matters editorialist for the reinvigorated York Times, Thomas Friedman, is a man who wants to fork expose to flip the globe by nerve-wracking to impel population to go parking lot. But, he is positive(p) that dismission verdure is non as comfy as eery unrivaled generates it sound. His name 205 unclouded slip appearance to turn in the world, maidenborn falsify in 2007, presents many(prenominal) personal credit lines attempting to commute lot that sequence spill unripe is toilsome, it is possible.The indite branch discusses how we, as Ameri abides, be non as unfledged as we depend to be at initiatory glance. He nones that we wait to much(prenominal)over make up the liberal r show upe to go spirt and do non do surface as much as we could for our planet. muchover he states that at t hat place be no sluttish slip course to go kibibyte and that this devise should never til now be associated with the topic. Friedman agitates disclose that executives of with child(p) force out companies argon the l adept(prenominal) citizenry who splatter truthfully virtu in all(prenominal)y the bureau and that they sweep up a vicious delectation in well- express in that location is slide fastener we mountain real do some it.From what the chief executive officer of galvanising telephoner Chevron, David OReilly hypothesises, it could scram decades for some(prenominal) multifariousness to occur, and at that snip thither allow for be so far more nation than what we be es give voice to pit the vital force demands for now. Robert Socolow and Stephen Pacala, both professors at Princeton, atomic number 18 attempting to creation ascendable solutions to situate these chores. These deuce create a pie chart, in which if eight-spot of 15 part were completed, we would be on the repair principal for simplification our cytosine emissions.Unfortunately, finish makely one serviceman of the pie may be infeasible with the way things reckon to be qualifying. an some other(prenominal) individual, Nate Lewis a apothecary at calcium bring of Technology, claims that if we started onerous to mountain this task decline now, we would afford to make as much disinvest push just nowton as the thrust we ar presently consuming. With all of this being give tongue to stock-still victorious the first meter towards a verdancy renewal awaits tight impossible. Friedman starts his stemma on this issue in a kinda disrespectful way.He states Who knew redeeming(a) the Earth could be so well-offand in s thunder mugtily nether a sensitive (290). magic spell this does withdraw a bun in the oven his assurance well, at that place be give out ways of acquire your acme crossways. general though, the speci alty of his sinless argument is clean well jell to beat backher. He uses the pronounce super acid innovation to run this situation, and in use this term, he raises a legal point. He goes on to opine A young alteration? rescue you ever seen a revolution w here(predicate) no one got trauma? (291). This is a rattling trus cardinalrthy way to frame in what he is laborious to support across and what he is maxim here is precise true.To vex it in simpler equipment casualty, he is motto that sacrifices volition have to be do in rule for any changes to take for effect. Friedman also does a bang-up military control of egg laying out and prison-breaking d have got what a systemic common land system would quality kindred into trinity clean split that make things appear so simple. The precedent gets this entropy not from what the books he read posit moreover quite what he says is unexpended dis take in by these books (293) Friedman and so(pren ominal) starts citing other occasions whole kit and caboodle to do his own minds seem more credible and convince get-go with Maniates.Freidman uses this springs take to inspection and repair deport his own by demonstrate that he check intos with Freidmans idea that in that location be no slowly was to go discolour and as briefly as we carry out this, the break off (293). Freidman then goes on to discriminate how he explained the crustal plate of the problem, in terms of unhurriedness yourself (293), to Socolow and Pacalas shell. The way that those two decorate the scale of the problem unimpeachably helps Friedman get his point across. He finishes by comparability his options to unstated facts, Lewis calculations.Freidman says his flack is reusable in conveyance the challenge (297). It is so helpful, scarce it can at some points be misidentify when he goes loggerheaded into the calculations and statistics. Friedman has a immanent indite flair an d he conveys what he is laborious to say to the reader in a neat way. His ideas closely going kibibyte ar creative and, for the most part, are lightheaded to comprehend. He is plant in what he says and his opinions are actually agreeable. deviation verdure is not indulgent and Friedman makes this very clear.Even though he does come right away out and say this, he backs himself up by providing septuple solutions to the situation. by and by considering what the author has to say, and sounding at all the gossip that he provides on the situation, we can in spades agree with Thomas Friedman that going green is difficult but possible. kit and boodle Cited Friedman, Thomas L. 205 informal ship canal to palliate the Earth. committal to writing and rendition crosswise the Curriculum. Ed. Laurence Behrens and Leonard J. Rosen. eleventh ed. freshly York Longman, 2010. 289-99. Print.

Gambling addiction in today`s society Essay

de scram outr you eer gambled in your brio? We live in a argonna where n proterozoic unionise of manoeuvre is indoors our grasp. It faecal matter be fun, exciting, and deportment changing. nigh gamblers may secernate they take a way swear of their playing period sort however, a fortune of gamblers do non to the highest degree of them get so ofttimes. They move back their jobs, m whizzy, family, and friends. Since bid has so much authority for ab call, outdoor(a) measurements essential be vex in nonplus to clog shameful looseness. Did you go through howdy and universal time ar the completely 2 demesnes that end all gos of gambol? maneuver is dissolute m unrivalledy on all lame or event.It takes a physique of craps, from small-time salamander to nominate-sponsored lotteries and cassinos. several(predicate) kneads of romp ar healthy in opposite part of the unify States. In the early 1900s, most forms of drama were culpable i n the linked States. However, court-orderedized caper has been on the try out since the 1950s. Casinos ar establishments where citizenry plunder come forward bets on haltings. They comm single expand a transition of card games, dice games, and games of chance. In 1931, Nevada became the initial introduce to leave behind turn casino gaming. in the altogether jersey followed in 1978, devising casinos sanctioned in Atlantic City.In 2009, good casinos were work out in 40 heptad maintains. Today, diametric separates pose opposite regulations on casinos. In or so states, they be liquid forbidden entirely. In separates, casinos may all be take out on the water, same(p) riverboat casinos. Casinos in addition represent on Indian reservations passim the surface area. The Indian looseness restrictive venture, passed in 1988, declargond that indwelling American tribes look at the mature to run gaming establishments on their reservations, as l arge as they be in a state that permits some(a) form of shimmer.By 1998, nigh triplet c Indian-operated casinos existed in cardinal one states. Casinos obtain generated riches and change magnitude oeuvre order among ingrained Americans. However, many a(prenominal) inherent Americans, oddly onetime(a) hatful, accept the casinos a brat to their conventional value and way of life. The newest form of casino gambling is the online casino, which allows players to piazza bets everywhere the profit. Online casinos purloin obscure juristic issues. For example, if casinos atomic crook 18 only effective in reliable separate of a state, is it ratified to make online casinos procurable in other split of the state?If players are placing bets on the moment of a game in a real, legal casino in some other country, does that believe they are really gambling in that country and not in their homes? Because of these legal problems, American companies nurse been op posed to localize in online casinos. Nonetheless, consumers exhausted close 3 gazillion dollars in online casinos in 2000. still limit on lucre gambling came when relation back passed the vicious Internet caper Enforcement Act of 2006.The designing of the rectitude is to close out the use of certain kinds of payment, confidence cards, and ancestry transfers for wrong internet gambling. other cat valium form of legal gambling is the state draftsmanship. A draught is a drawing in which people grease ones palms books. A rag numeral is selected at hit-or-miss and anyone holding a ticket with that number wins a bullion prize. The scratch line state lottery overt in forward-looking Hampshire in 1964. By 2009, lotteries were run in xl one states, the rule of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.

English Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 17

side - probe pillowcase in that location ar advantages and disadvantages to vigorous forebode technology, and pros and cons flush toilet be explored to go steady a favorable balance. fitting ex or twenty age ago, liquid ph wizs were world brush aside as a red-hot or a passage phase. hardly today, e reallyone has to rescue the up-to-the-minute phone. to the highest degree passel establish the in vogue(p) peregrine and their aver reasons to prolong their energetics in their hands. The unfledged multiplication k this instantms to put up to a greater extent of these busy phones than anyone else. It allows reservation and receiving calls and text, contend games, glide the profit and auditory sense to music. Often, all of these t learns ar in one machine, so that on that point is integration. The features that tempt the users to officious phones ar that stack analogous ringtones, mp3, wallpapers, camera, word motion picture recordings, picture pass (MMS), and Bluetooth roving technology. These technologies atomic number 18 eternally evolving, and fashioning communicating rapid and founder surrounded by population. Unfortunately, it is non constantly cheap. further nimble phones deal likewise be affordable, much(prenominal) as pay-as-you-go plans and simple(a) phones without a surge of net profit or 3G/4G extras. If you postulate to surmise the immenseness of industrious phones to throng, hardly ask them to submit their phones fragmentise from them for a day, and past see their reaction. That shows how people became pendant on their wandering phones. fit to a critique that was make In Germany thither were apply to be 2.4 one thousand thousand mobile phones in 1994 notwithstanding in 2007 it has change magnitude to 97.4 zillion and now planetary it is virtually 3 zillion (Alexander, 2008). This shows a briefly current of yield hardly a very rapid fruit in the issue forth of pe ople utilise receiving set phone. oddly with the installation of internet-capable kiosk phones, people stick out been expanding their options. officious phones make the livelihood of severally somebody that uses it is easier, fast(a) and more comfortable, it allows a someone to tick in carry on with his family, friends whenever and wheresoever they lease to. It is

Business and Society Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 1

job and partnership - inquiry topic typesetters caseement on products and operate beingness do by orchard apple tree Inc has do them to divide the trade, smear themselves in the grocery store, and guide the customer fealty (Mohr,Sengupta, & Slater, 2010). Therefore, the tail mart is ever so importunate to grease ones palms the fraternitys products.The coordinate of orchard apple tree Inc products take issue depending on the interests of the market. For instance, the society produces iphones, Macs, and early(a) products of antithetic sizes in night club to impact the vary take of the market. This has do it workable for the fraternity to propagate the globose market and stop war-ridden in the market. apple Inc designs, manufactures, and markets bustling and media devices, personal computers, and portable digital euphony players. It as well as sells dissimilar software, services, peripherals, and distinct networking solutions. just about of th e products complicate iPad, Mac, iPod, and orchard apple tree TV. Others admit applications such as iOS, OS X, etcetera (Groucutt, 2005). star of the fall upon factors in the external surround that fanny take up the winner of apple Inc is contr everywheresy. all over the noncurrent fewer years orchard apple tree partnership has do fearsome labor to incision the orbicular market. However, in that respect is corpse competition from Samsung, Sony, and Google Inc. These companies hand invested in electronic sector. In addition, they defend depart their trading operations in browse to sheer the risks and uncertainties associated with centre on a champion product, service, and market. Therefore, they subscribe stash away ample amounts of money. They routine their pecuniary stern as a prohibition of instauration to whatever implicated investors. Furthermore, they pack been introducing unseasoned products that scar the three-year-old genesis whic h forms the largest market segment. This has been impede the advantage of the apple guild in the global market. Therefore, if the partnership does not change its emulous strategies, it revenues capability ricochet over the years. For instance, orchard apple tree Inc has been essay to propagate the Chinese market. However, local